"I told my parents that I didn't want them to help me with money this summer so the two main jobs, the one on campus and at the environmental consulting firm, are mainly to make money for rent and utilities and all that."

VOA: special.2010.06.18

They own this firm jointly and they split the profits, so they share 50% of the profits each.

他们共同拥有这家公司并且平分利润,即他们各自持有50%的股份

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So they're going to share equally in the profits of this firm, or this joint project, but you're going to supply efforts individually.

总结起来就是两家公司平分利润,但是都要各自为协作项目付出努力

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

In fact,de Gallembert estimates the number of Muslim women wearing headscarves in France has grown since 2004, although there are no firm statistics to back this up.

VOA: standard.2010.01.30

You have left the Presbyterians and the Independents, and at this point the Presbyterians are in firm control.

剩下的是长老派成员和无党派人士，这时候，长老派成员获得了完全的控制权。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Researchers have looked into this before, but without reaching any firm conclusions.

VOA: standard.2010.06.30

I looked up CEO of Coldwell Banker, this is a real estate broker's firm.

我查了一些关于Coldwell，Banker，CEO的资料，这是一个地产经纪公司。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

"The forecasts I've seen and this is from a research firm called Insight Media, forecast sales to increase from 3.3 million this year to 50 million by 2015.

VOA: standard.2010.03.11

Externality When I'm figuring out how much effort to contribute to this firm I don't take into account that other half of profits that goes to you.

外部性,当我计算要为公司付出多少时,我没考虑到利润的一半会归你所有

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

But by continuously linking this in a public way and in taking a firm position on it, they make it much more difficult for him to move away from sites in Poland and the Czech Republic,".

VOA: standard.2009.07.15

So now we have everything we want to analyze this firm and to analyze how things are going to work, either when you're working on your homework assignments or in the law partnership.

现在我们已经获得了所有分析此公司,还有分析这个案例原理所需的信息了,不管你们是一起合作写作业,还是开律师事务所

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

What quantity, if produced by Firm 2, would cause Firm 1 to shut down on this picture?

公司2的产量是多少的情况下,公司1才能被迫停产呢

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

And so in this law firm, one of these guys is an expert on intellectual property and the other one on fraud or something.

律师事务所也是一样的,有人是知识产权达人,别人可能处理欺诈案件很有经验

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Suppose Firm 1 is pricing at marginal cost is this a Nash Equilibrium?

假设公司1定价在边际成本,这是纳什均衡吗

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So this is just Firm 1's profit.

现在我们只知道公司1的利润

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So if Firm 2 is playing a best response, This is a best response for Firm 2, given that P1 is at C.

如果公司2给出了最佳对策,这是公司2针对P1是C的最佳对策

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

The way we read this green graph is you give me a choice of Firm 1, q1.

这条绿色的线表示,任意给出公司1的产量q1

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

And in Economics, this is about firm's crowding together to try and get shoppers who are close to them.

在经济学中,他表现为商业普遍集中,以试图争取附近的客源

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

I go up to the green line and go across and this tells me the best response for Firm 2.

根据这条绿线的对应法则,就可以对应出公司2的最佳对策

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So if Firm 2 produces this amount then Firm 1's best response is this amount.

如果公司2的产量是这么多,那么公司1的最佳对策就是这个产量

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Suppose Firm 2 has produced all of this quantity up to here.

假设公司2产量一直提高到这里

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

The reason is that the best response for Firm 1, So it turns out it's pretty to check that this is the only Nash Equilibrium in the game.

因为公司1的最佳对策,所以很容易验证,这是此博弈中唯一的纳什均衡

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

And to make this more concrete, if a firm is competing against a competitor it can be pretty sure, that competitor is a pretty sophisticated game player and knows that the firm is itself.

再具体点说,如果一家公司在和它的竞争对手竞争,可以肯定其竞争对手一定很老练,这家公司当然也很老练啦

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Now, with this in hand, what I want to do is, and in Firm 2 I have a similar expression, what I want to do is, I want to figure out the Nash Equilibrium of this game.

知道它了以后,因为公司2的表达式也是相似的,接下来我们就可以尝试找出纳什均衡了

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

I claim this quantity is a - c over b such that if Firm 2 produces that much quantity, firm 1 will just produce nothing.

这个量是,/b,如果公司2生产这么多公司1就会停产

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Okay, so this is Firm 1's best response as a function of q2.

公司1的最佳对策是q2的函数

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So notice that this consumer is a distance Y away from Firm 1.

注意这个消费者与公司1的距离为Y

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So again, for Firm 1 it's the quantity it sells times the price, This is its revenue, minus the quantity it sells times C, the cost, this is his cost.

再次,公司1的收益是其销量乘以价格,即,收入,减销量乘以C,它的成本

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选