From a sideways perspective, all of the individual project managers are professional colleagues and peers, working within the context of the program.
从侧面看，所有的项目经理都是专业的同事和同行，在项目环境里工作。
Yes, it makes some project managers feel productive.
的确，它让一些项目管理人员感到富有成效。
They need project managers, analysts, designers, architects, etc.
他们需要项目经理、分析人员、设计人员及架构师等。
Many project managers complain that RUP does not create an estimate.
许多项目经理抱怨RUP不生成估计值。
The next task for the project managers is to coordinate on the use of iteration names.
项目管理者的下一项任务就是协调迭代名称的使用。
Empower project managers and team leads to configure projects without impacting the schema.
授权项目经理和团队领导在不影响模式的情况下配置项目。
Better yet, involve the project managers and developers in the investigation of agile methods.
更好的是，让项目经理和开发人员介入敏捷方法的研究。
Good product managers and good project managers are able to create a balance of these conflicts.
好的产品经理和好的项目经理能够在这些冲突中建立一种平衡。
This role may be represented by engineering, product and project managers, QE, or documentation.
该角色可能由工程、产品和项目经理、QE，或文档编制部门来代表。
Although he often focuses on project management issues, this book is not just for project managers.
虽然他经常致力于项目管理问题，但本书不仅是针对项目经理的。
By assessing each iteration, project managers can discover training opportunities for team members.
通过评估每一个迭代，项目经理能够为团队成员发现培训的机会。
For example project managers put more emphasis on their projects' schedule than on strategic goals.
例如，项目经理更关心项目进度，而不是战略目标。
SOA governance should not be created by project managers; it is the architects that need to define it.
SOA治理不应由项目经理定义；事实上， 该由架构师定义。
By the nature of their work, most project managers cannot objectively judge architecture and design decisions.
由于工作的特性，大多数项目经理不能客观地判断架构和设计决策。
Often, project managers don't account for the time needed to upgrade the team to the new necessary skill sets.
通常，项目经理都不会考虑其团队升级到新技能集所需的时间。
To keep pace with business and IT, project managers need to make their management practices more flexible.
时刻跟进业务和技术进展，管理手段灵活多样。
So many software projects get into trouble because project managers try to apply formulas that just don't work.
如此多的软件项目陷入了困境，是因为项目管理人员想运用并不能起什么作用的公式化的方法。
Like many other IT project participants, project managers often think of RUP as a single, out-of-the box process.
像许多其他的IT项目参与者一样，项目经理经常把RUP认为是单个现成的过程。
An efficient, automated software project measurement program can help project managers cope with these challenges.
一个有效的、自动化的软件项目度量程序能够帮助项目经理应对这些挑战。
If program staffing includes a program manager and several project managers, what is the role and authority of each?
如果规划参与人员包括一个规划经理和一些项目经理，他们各自的角色和权威是什么？
The vendor should have widely available resources and experienced programmers, systems architects, and project managers.
供应商应该有大量可用资源以及经验丰富的程序员、系统体系结构设计员和项目经理。
While this article in our series covers the concept of project planning and tracking, the authors are not project managers.
尽管本系列文章涉及项目计划和跟踪的概念，但作者不是项目经理。
Processes enable project managers to see who is required and which work products are modified in each phase of the project.
通过流程，项目经理可以确定在项目的每个阶段需要哪些人员以及修改了哪些工作产品。
Some project managers think that defining and planning the work means that the hard part of managing the project is behind them.
有些项目经理认为，完成了项目定义和项目计划意味着项目管理中最艰难的部分就完成了。
This allows project managers to better control costs, manage security, and allocate resources to clouds a project is assigned to.
这样项目管理人员可以更好地控制成本、管理安全问题和分配资源。
Now, project-specific teams of engineers and project managers sit together and start their day with a short meeting to touch base.
现在，具体项目团队的工程师和项目经理可以坐到一块，以开门见山的简短会议开始一天的工作。
The purpose of this paper is to examine how project managers can successfully apply agile to their projects in an enterprise context.
本文的目的正是要说明在企业环境里，项目经理怎样才能成功地在项目中应用敏捷。
In most organizations, project managers need to know about the management of contracts and vendors, but they aren't responsible for it.
在大多数组织中，项目经理需要了解对合同和供应商的管理情况，但是他们并不对此负责。
We need to cherish proven project managers who understand practice leadership: They are probably the scarcest resource in every company.
我们应当珍惜懂得实践的领导力的项目管理者：他们可能是每个公司中最稀有的资源。
In my experience, there is a primary risk that drives project managers to consider overlapping iterations: the resource utilization risk.
在我的经历中，遇到过一个主要的驱使项目经理考虑重叠迭代的风险：资源利用风险。
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