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If you wanted to have a real frame, then you would index to the consumer price index or some other inflation index.
如果你想以实物框架理念来看的话，你就得将消费物价指数或者,其它通胀指数考虑在内。
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So right now, it's something like 2% or it's a little bit higher last year, but maybe it'll be 2% going forward.
希勒有可能记错了08年2月份的美国通胀率为4%,略高于去年的水平,但未来应该会维持在2%左右
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So we wanna keep our inflation rate low which will generate a strong dollar or a dime.
因此，维持低通胀才是正道,这样才能让美元坚挺起来。
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.. All right, let's hear someone who... You have to adjust for inflation.
那好，让我们听听别人。,你必须考虑通胀。
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The yield-to-maturity on an indexed bond is already in real terms because the coupons are indexed to inflation.
这种债券的到期收益率,就是实际收益率,因为票息已经被通胀指数化了
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If you compare that with Milwaukee, they thought only 4%, which is about the inflation rate.
如果你对比一下密尔沃基,他们认为只有4%,还包括通胀率
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Finally, getting it right to keep inflation low, keep that boom-bust cycle from coming back like it did, and you don't have to go, even go back so far period.
最终可以维持低通胀，打破繁荣与萧条的周期循环，这个已有先例，远的不说。
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One of them is the forward rate and the other one is inflation indexed interest rates.
一个是远期利率,另一个是通胀指数化利率
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The real interest rate, computed from nominal rates, is equal to one plus the nominal rate divided by one plus the inflation rate, so it corrects for inflation.
由名义利率算得的实际利率 等于,/,它是一个经通胀调整后指标
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Right now, we have a Federal Funds Rate of about 3% and an inflation rate of around 3%, so right now the real interest rate is close to 0.
如今,联储局利率是3%左右,通胀率也在3%徘徊,现在的实际利率接近于0
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Voytek Voytek says we have to allow for inflation.
佛伊泰克,佛伊泰克说我们必须考虑通胀。
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Reagan gave Volker tremendous support in getting this inflation rate down And um..the... Carter didn't give that much support Carter appointed Reagan, ... so he gotta get the... ...appointed the Volker course.
里根一直力挺沃尔克，通胀率才得以降低,但是卡特就不同了,话又说回来，卡特任命了里根，也就相当于。,。。。认同了沃尔克路线。
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Finally, I just want to say that we have also a kind of bond called an indexed bond, which is a bond whose coupons are indexed to inflation.
最后一点是,一种叫物价指数债券的债券,这种债券的票息被通胀指数化了
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Now, what happened was the U.S. Government-- or the Massachusetts Government--had created high inflation during the war and nobody wanted to lend money to it so they create here a price index.
当时的美国政府,或者说麻省州政府在战争期间引发了高通胀,以至于没人愿意借钱给他们,于是他们制定了一个价格指数
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Big recessions have ended in November 1982, just a little more than 25 years ago, and since then the policy of getting inflation down And it's also not just the United States.
较严重的在1982年11月已触底回升，也就是25年前不久，从那开始，政策就一直维持了低通胀,不仅仅是美国。
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You have to adjust for inflation.
你必须考虑通胀。
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The green line is the building costs and you can see that building costs, since 1890, in real terms-- everything is corrected for inflation -have gone up a little bit since 1890, but not a whole lot.
绿线表示了建筑成本,你可以看到建筑成本,自1890年来,以实际值计算,所有的数据均进行了通胀修正,从1890年开始有一点点上涨,并非是大幅度上涨
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But the point is Reagan supported that effort and that made all the difference, and it took a lot of courage Reagan was going to take the recession in 1982 He was willing to support Volker no matter what to get the inflation down ... Alright, so... Interest rates in the summer of 1980 were quite high Yes, they were.
但是，里根力挺了这次货币改革,这才是重点，下这样的决心不容易,里根本打算在1982年来狠抓经济衰退2,他很信任沃尔克,为了降低通胀率，可以不惜一切代价,好吧，那么。,1980年夏天，银行利率已经相当高了,没错，确实如此。
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