It had come to a kind of crescendo with voter registration drives and the Voting Rights Act of 1964.

随着选民登记的进行，和在1964年通过的投票权法案,这样的事愈演愈烈。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

that a lot of people who voted for him have been waiting for, will kind of get put into place.

许多为他投票的选民所期待的政策就能实行。

有名的毕业生 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

So it turns out that the very first one, voters are not evenly distributed is certainly true, it's undoubtedly true.

首相想到的就是,现实中选民是不均匀分布的,这的确是毋庸置疑的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Surely, you would all agree that we shouldn't put the right to individual liberty up to a vote.

选民们，你们肯定都赞同,不该以投票来决定个人自由。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

I was talking last time about the concept of election or choice, God's choice of Israel, Israel as the chosen one, which occurs for the first time in the Book of Deuteronomy.

我上节课提到了“选择“这一概念，上帝选择了以色列，以色列成为选民，这一概念第一次出现在《申命记》中。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

I think that having a forced voter turnout would only force an uninformed vote.

我认为，强制选民投票的结果是不知情的投票。

对于义务投票制 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

Look at line eight: Moses, "that shepherd, who first taught the chosen Seed."

看第八行：，摩西，“点化过那个牧羊人，最初向您的选民。。。“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Now eventually the elect come in.

现在上帝的选民终于进入了

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

It's really hard for candidates to convince you, that they really are a left, or a right, or a centrist candidate.

通常候选人很难让选民相信,他们是左派,右派,或是中间派

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

He took the Democratic Party to the right, i.e., towards the center in order to pick up those central voters and win.

他将民主党向右翼靠拢,也就是说变得中立,以此来拉拢中间选民并获胜

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Right, if nobody stands, each and every possible candidate would do better individually, so any particular voter would do better standing.

没错,如果没人参选,每个可能的候选人单独都能做得更好,任一个特定选民都能通过参选而做得更好

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

But as we've already seen in Genesis, God chooses whom he chooses, and his reasons aren't always fathomed.

但就像我们在《创世纪》中看到的，上帝选择他的选民，他的理由常常不清楚。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

So one thing that seems odd about the way we set up this model is that the voters are not evenly distributed.

有一点使我们建立此模型的假设很牵强,即是选民们不是均匀分布的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So in politics, this is about candidates crowding close together towards the center, to try and get as many voters who are close to them.

在政治学中,这是关于候选人集中趋向中间立场,从而拉拢更多立场相近的选民的理论

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So your position may be not believed, and I want to claim that that's connected to the idea that you can't commit yourself to your policies.

也就是说选民未必相信你的立场,我要指出的是这与,你无法执行相应政治策略是相关的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

We're going to assume that voters will eventually vote for the closest candidate.

我们假设,选民会投票给离他们最近的候选人

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So the idea of the model is each voter is a potential candidate.

这个模型中每个选民是一个潜在候选人

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

But it turns out that if you make the voters distributed more realistically, let's say like on a bell-curve shape, it makes actually no difference to the result at all.

但事实上,就算我们让选民分布更符合实际情况,比如说是按钟形分布的,但这实际上对结果没有什么影响

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Voters tend to know that those candidates have track records.

选民知道那些候选人的记录

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

And in each election, they would come forward and say, "we are not really a left wing party, we're a centrist party these days" And people would say, we don't believe you.

每次选举的时候,他们都会声称,我们不是一个左翼政党,我们现在是中间派,但是选民都不相信他们

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

It's called the Median Voter Theorem because the voters at the center, in this case 5 and 6, actually get to decide not just the election, but to decide therefore, what policies are put in place.

它之所以叫中间选民定理是因为,处在中间位置的选民,比如这个案例中立场5和6,实际上他们不止左右了选举结果,而且还决定了那些政策可以施行

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

The players are the voters.

局中人就是选民

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

It's been shown that higher levels of education correlate with high voter turnout.

有研究显示，教育程度越高，选民的参与度越高。

对于义务投票制 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

So there are examples in American History of elections that seem to in which the Median Voter Theorem seems to do well.

因此从美国历史上的选举案例里看,中位数选民定理非常奏效

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So now what I want you to think of is that at every political position there are two voters, and hence two possible candidates.

现在我希望你们考虑的是,在每个政治位置上有两个选民,因此是两个可能的候选人

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So one thing that's missing, or wrong if you like, but the one thing is the voters are not evenly distributed in the real world.

被忽视的因素,或者说错误在于,在现实生活中,每个立场的选民数并非是均分的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

We're going to assume that each voter in the model is a potential candidate.

我们要假设模型中每个选民,是一个潜在的候选人

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So just to make that clear, voters vote for the closest running candidate first.

再说清楚一点,首先,选民投票给最近的候选者

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

As before, as in the Downs or Hoteling model, we discussed already a few weeks ago, we're going to assume that voters are evenly spread along the line.

像之前一样,就像当斯或霍特林模型,我们几周前讨论的,我们将假设选民,平均分布在这条线上

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So we're going to assume even distribution of voters on the line.

我们假设选民在线上平均分布

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选