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You blame yourself as a victim of trauma for not having the sufficient vigilance in your outer cortex to ward it off.
你会因为你的脑皮层,不能有效保护你不受创伤危害,而成为创伤受害者。
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And in such a hurry to get out that door that he forgets his umbrella completely.
而在他匆忙地想出门之下，他完全把带伞的事抛到脑后了。
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OK. The process of writing is exercising both halves of your brain, and it's actually helping you learn, and so taking notes is really valuable thing.
好的，记笔记的过程同时锻炼了,你的左右脑，而且实际上帮助了你的学习，所以记笔记真的是一件特别有价值的事情。
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I get that the best research suggest we don't really have complete redundancy with hemispheres, but suppose that we did.
我知道有实验证明过,我们大脑的多余部分,并不是都分布在左或者右半脑里，但假设多余部分确实分布在半脑里。
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For me, it has been my reading of fiction far removed from political considerations that evoked in me a sense of personal freedom or the possibilities of escaping the South.
在读小说时,我会将一切抛诸脑后,这种精神上的解放让我,对逃往南方。
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Some of you have language in your right hemisphere, some in your left hemisphere, some God knows where.
你们有些人的语言功能位于右脑,有些则位于左脑,还有些,天晓得在哪里
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He was diagonised with a brain tumor at age two and he fought a valiant effort for about five years but ultimately he ?.
他在两岁时被诊断出脑部长有一个肿瘤,与病魔经过了,近五年的勇敢搏斗,他最终还是离开了人世。
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This is an example of a rudimentary brain machine interface.
这是一个脑机接口界面的示范
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You can do that with your hands, your mind, your intellectual abilities.
你可以用你的手，你的脑，你的智力来救人。
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The connection, the link, the bridge between our mind and our body; between our emotions and our thoughts; between the brain and the heart.
联系，关联，心灵与身体的桥梁;,情绪和思想的桥梁;,脑和心的桥梁。
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But I would primarily focus on this emerging new class of prostheses that aims to read information out of the brain to help some of the most paralyzed patients.
但是，开始我想重点介绍这一新兴的脑接口,旨在解读大脑外部的信息,帮助严重瘫痪的病人。
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And So, people study brain damages— brain damage that implicates motor control such as apraxia.
所以人们研究脑损伤,这些脑损伤能够引起,诸如失用症这样的运动控制障碍
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You bring somebody in the sleep lab, you put electrodes on their scalp and you see what these-- what sort of electrical activities you get in the brain.
把人叫来睡眠实验室，把电极贴在他们的头皮上,你就能看到-,他们有什么脑电活动。
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We take the right half of Johns' brain, put it into Smith's torsel, hook up all the wires the right way, ? the thing wakes up, who is it?
把约翰斯的右半脑，放进史密斯的躯干，按原样连接各个部位，醒来的是谁？
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And the cortex can be broken up into different parts or lobes.
大脑皮层可以被分为几种不同的脑叶
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If you want to know which part of your brain is responsible for language, you could put somebody into a scanner and have them exposed to language or do a linguistic task or talk or something and then see what parts of their brain are active.
如果你想知道大脑的哪个区域,负责语言功能,你可以对被试进行扫描,让他们暴露在语言环境中,或是进行语言学任务,或者聊天,然后观察他们的哪些脑区处于活跃状态
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Let me just call this top one-- Jones' torso with the left half of Shelly Kagan's brain-- let's call him Lefty.
让我叫上面的这个-,带有Shelly，Kagan左脑的Jones的躯体-,我们叫他小左。
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Suppose we take, call this one the left hemisphere, and we stick it in here, into Jones' torso.
假设我们，将这个设为左半脑，将它放进这里，放入Jones的躯体。
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We have to ask oursleves when Socrates puts his argument forward, which of these you have in mind?
我们要问问自己当苏格拉底,提出自己论点的时候，他脑中的是这三个中的哪一个？
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What's really weird— One really weird finding about these lobes is that they include topological maps.
奇怪的是,关于这些脑叶,有一个奇怪的研究发现,那就是,在它们上都存在着地理定位图
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We talked about modern imaging methods and this is an example of an fMRI, a functional MRI; a map of the brain that not only shows you the anatomy of the brain but shows you something about the chemistry of what's going on inside.
我们还说到现代影像技术,这里是一幅脑部功能性磁共振成像图像,一种功能性的磁共振,图中不仅可以看到脑部解剖学图像,也可以看到一些脑内的生化过程
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The people in the Tolstoy story seem to have put facts of mortality out of their mind.
托尔斯泰小说中的人物似乎,把人必有一死的事实置诸脑外。
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And so, from the study of brain damage and the study of— we can gain some understanding of what different parts of the brain do.
通过对脑损伤的研究,我们可以了解到大脑不同区域的功能
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You can take a lot of brain damage and still preserve some mental functioning.
即便是你受到了严重的脑损伤,也依然能够维持一些心理功能
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If there's enough redundancy in the brain so that even if your right hemisphere got destroyed, your left hemisphere,you still have all the same memories,desires,beliefs.Good enough.
如果大脑拥有足够冗余,导致即便右脑被破坏掉，左脑依然拥有，所有的记忆，欲望和信仰，这就够了。
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Great! The question was--on this saying, what do we say about the case if we take the two halves of Johns' brain, split them, ? put them into 2 different torsels, they both wake up, ? would they both be Johns?
很好！这个问题是，如果把约翰斯的左右半脑分开,分别放进2个不同的躯干，结果会怎么样，它们都醒了，都会是约翰斯吗？
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We take this other hemisphere,the right half of my brain and we stick it into Smith's torso.
将另一半脑子，右半脑,放入Smith的躯体。
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Horrible accident, Johns' torsel has been destroyed and the left half of his brain has been destroyed, but the right half of the brain is still there.
又是场可怕的车祸,约翰斯的躯干受损,左半脑受损，但右半脑完好。
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So I'm going to call that chips implanted in the brain to control prosthetics, but I'm going to make it a little bit more general and call a brain-machine interface.
我要谈谈,能控制假肢的植入性脑芯片,我会简要的谈到,我们把它称为脑机接口
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Well, the claim that language is part of human nature is supported by neurological studies, some of which were referred to in the chapters on the brain that you read earlier that talk about dedicated parts of the brain that work for language.
语言是人类本性的一部分的这个观点,得到了神经研究的支持,在之前大家阅读的关于大脑的章节中,对专门负责语言功能脑区的探讨,就描述了其中的一些研究
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