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And he wants to emphasize Hanson himself has a farm that specializes in grapes for the purpose of producing raisins.
他想强调的是,汉森他自己拥有一片农庄,有着专门生产葡萄干的专家
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As Hanson says, the new farmer is not just a different kind of farmer, but a different kind of person.
正如汉森所说,新兴的农民不仅不同于以往的农民,还不同于以往任何一种人
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As Hanson points out, look at the difference between this and previous ways of working the soil.
正如汉森所指出的那样,比较此方式和旧有耕作方式的不同你就会发现
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Oh yeah, I know Hanson, but if I didn't know him, I wouldn't know any farmers.
好吧,我知道汉森,但我不认识他,我一个农民都不认识
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Everything is farmed in a new way and let me just give you a picture of what this new farm that Hanson describes is like.
每种作物都是以新的方式来栽种,让我来描绘一下这幅新农场的图景吧,就如汉森描绘的那样
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Hanson says and I'm quoting him, "The real beginning in the West of individual property holding on a large scale is what he is describing."
我引述汉森说的话,他所描述的是西方私有财产,广泛存在的真正开始
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So, marginal land is brought into play with hard work and ingenuity, and this is one of the things that Hanson emphasizes that is so helpful.
那么,边际耕地需要,在一定的生产条件下,生产收益正好足以补偿所需费用的土地,这就是汉森所强调的相当有益的一点
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Now, in some time in that period of the Dark Ages, and Hanson would suggest, I think, probably around the eighth century is the greatest transition.
有时候在黑暗时代,我认为汉森同样会表明,大概在八世纪,人类历史经历了最伟大的转变
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I think it's in the eighth century that Hanson points out is relevant here.
根据汉森提出的相关理论,我推测它应该在八世纪左右
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And I think that turns out to be a great key to understanding what's happening, and everything you hear from me on this subject I learned from Hanson.
我想这对于你们能否理解,我从汉森那里学到的一些知识,是极为关键的一点
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Now, there are a couple of ways that can go; one that was certainly important and again it's for something that Hanson emphasizes, is what he calls internal colonization.
对此有几种解决方式,有一种很重要的,被汉森一再强调为,内部殖民的方式
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There are so many ways in which that has changed the world, but I can't do justice to it but Hanson does, so if you want to read, fields Without Dreams, you can ponder the significance of this great change.
有太多改变这个世界的因素了,我很难全部都客观地讲出来,但是汉森可以,你可以在《遗梦之野》中有所了解,你可以仔细琢磨这些伟大的变革
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I'm going to start out today's talk by giving you what has been the standard and orthodox interpretation of how the hoplite phalanx worked, which, I think, again Hanson has given us the clearest and most useful account.
我们今天所要讲解的,是对重装步兵方阵是如何运行,这一景象最标准最正统的阐释,我觉得,汉森给了我们一个,最清晰,最实用的解释
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We see him, a nobleman that he is, former king that he is, working the soil and how he does this is very illuminating, because he is clearly, according to Hanson, involved in the period after the transition away from an earlier style.
我们所看到的他,出身贵族,履职前任国王,耕种土地,他所作的一切都具有启蒙意义,因为,根据汉森所述,他无疑身处在一个向古风时期,转型的早期年代
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As Hanson says, thus arose the kleros, or the idea of a privately held plot attached not to any one person, but rather in perpetuity to a single farm family or oikos.
如汉森所言,kleros兴起了,或是说有了私有土地,而不再属于单个人的观念产生了,也可永久的属于单个的农业家庭或者领主
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