-
The first one is Dr. Marvin Chun who teaches the Introduction to Psychology course in the fall and is my competition.
第一名是马文·春博士,他会在秋季教授心理学导论课程,也是我的竞争对手
-
Let's just check. If my pair chooses Alpha, then my choosing Alpha yields 0, Beta -3: so Alpha would be better.
我们来验证下,如果我对手选α,我选α得0,选β得-3,所以选α更好
-
If you have a product and your competitor has a product and you put sugar in yours, people are going to like it better.
如果你和你的竞争对手同样生产一批食品,而你的加糖了,人们会更喜欢你的产品
-
They start getting into the Mediterranean and that scares the hell out of their commercial rivals.
他们开始进入了地中海地区,而这一举动把他们的竞争对手也吓得够呛
-
They pay you money, we had a lot of very famous, very prominent customers, but all of a sudden, we started to compete with every one of them. It's quite risky.
他们付你钱，那时我们有许多有名的，重量级的客户，但突然间，客户变成了对手，这么做风险很大。
-
Shelly Kagan Since there's no competitor,and I've got the personality,I'm Shelly Kagan.
既然没有竞争对手，我具有正确人格，我就是。
-
Why? Because no matter how the other firm, your competitor, prices you might have an incentive to undercut them.
为什么,因为不管你对手怎么定价,你总有想削弱他们的动机
-
I get all the voters right on top of me at position 1 and she gets everyone else, is that right?
我得到选择立场1的10%选票,对手得到剩余90%的选票,对吗
-
The payoff of 2 against 3 is all the people at 1, all the people at 2, so it's 20%.
如果对手选3而我选2我会得到,立场1和2的全部选票,一共20%
-
If my opponent chooses Beta and I choose Alpha, I get 3; Beta, I get 1. Once again Alpha is better.
如果我对手选β,我选α我得3,选β我得1,也是选α好
-
If my opponent chooses Alpha and I choose Alpha, I get 0; Beta, I get -1. So Alpha would be better.
如果我对手选α我选α,我得0,选β我得-1,选α更好
-
Against 3: so now we're comparing my choosing 1 versus 3 and my choosing 2 versus 3.
对手选立场3,现在来计算我选立场1对手选立场3,或者我选立场2对手选立场3的情况
-
And we've already agreed that if I think it's equally likely they're going to choose right and left, that there's a probability ?
而且我们已经计算过了,如果我觉得对手,选左选右的概率相同,即他们选右的概率为1/2时
-
Conversely, if there was probability 1 that the other guy is going to choose Right, and I choose Up, then I get 0.
相反,如果对手,选择右的概率为1,并且我选的是上,那我的收益为零
-
If the pair chooses Beta, then if she chooses Alpha she gets 3, Beta she gets 1, and 3 is bigger than 1.
如果她对手选β,她选α得到3,她选β得到1,3也比1大
-
And we know that Down does best if I think it was equally likely that the person was going to choose Left and Right.
我们还知道如果我们认为对手,选左或者是右的可能性相同的情况下,下是此情况下最好的策略
-
So 2 against 1 gives me 90% of the votes, 3 against 1 gives me what?
我选立场2他选1,我得90%选票,要是我选立场3对手选1呢
-
What's my share of the vote if I choose 2 and the other candidate chooses 1?
如果我选立场2,而对手选立场1呢
-
That's illegible, but what it says is rational and knowledge that other people are rational.
这也是有点拗口,但他的意思就是,理性的你知道呢的对手也是理性的
-
Both firms have an incentive to undercut the other firm, driving down profits for both.
每个企业都有削弱对手的动机,最后他们的利润都下降了
-
I believe the other guy is going to choose Left, I can rationalize choosing Up.
我认为对手应该会选左,这样我认为选上是合理的
-
Yeah, okay while we're here, why don't we do the same for my pair?
好了,我们再把对手的情况也写下来
-
So what's my payoff if I choose 1 and my opponent chooses 2?
我选立场1对手选立场2我收益是什么
-
We mean that if these are your payoffs, no matter what your pair does, you attain a higher payoff from choosing Alpha, than you do from choosing Beta.
我们说如果这是你的收益,那么不论你的对手选什么,你选择α总会比选择β,得到更好的收益
-
Well now I need to be rational, I need to know that other people are rational, and I need to know that other people know that other people are rational.
我自己已经是理性的了,我也知道对手也是理性的,我还需要知道对手们明白,他们的对手也是理性的
-
What about my expected payoff from choosing Middle against , so in this case where I think it's equally likely that my opponents going to choose Left or Right?
那我在情况下,选中的预期收益是什么呢,在此情况下我依然认为,对手选左选右的可能性相同
-
But look at my opponent. My opponent's Alpha dominates her Beta.
但是对我的对手来说,选α优于β
-
It's my belief that the other guy's going to choose Right.
也就是我关于对手选右概率的信念
-
So, in particular, let's start working out what share of the votes you'd get if you chose position 1 or position 2, against different positions the other guy can choose.
先来看看如果你选择立场1和2,在你对手选择不同立场时,你分别能获得多少选票
-
The assumption that your opponents are being rational as well.
你需要假设你对手也是理性的
应用推荐