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So, from going from the shell of n equals 2, let's say, to the shell of n equals 3.
比如说，从ｎ等于２到ｎ,等于３壳层如何变化。
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And you've got the Shell Tower behind you,
你身后就是壳牌塔，
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In other words, just want to know where the electron is somewhere within the shell radius of the ground state of atomic hydrogen anywhere.
换言之，我只是想知道,电子在哪,可以在氢原子基态下的半径,里面的任何地方。
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And when you talk about n for an orbital, it's talking about the shell that shell is kind of what you picture when you think of a classical picture of an atom where you have 1 energy level, the next one is further out, the next one's further away.
当你们谈到，某个轨道的n时，你们说的是壳层，壳层就是,你想象，一个原子,的经典图像时的场景,你有一个能级，下一个再更远的地方，再下一个又更远。
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So. Starting with the shell, I can type in expressions.
好，从sell开始，我可以输入一些表达式。
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The shell structure which people hadn't even thought of.
壳状结构,之前人们从未想到过。
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This is the shell model.
这就是核壳模型。
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Let's look at it again. All right it's time to interrupt the world, and we'll just type into the shell.
好，让我们再来看看,好，我们输入shell命令，看结果怎么样。
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Because that will take care of all of the electrons that are capable of reacting, none of the inner shell electrons.
因为那样我们可以考虑到,除内层电子以外，所有可以发生反应的电子。
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The reason is because we already have a full valence shell for our hydrogen, it doesn't want any more electrons.
原因是因为我们的氢,已经有一个排满的价壳层了，它不再需要多余的电子了。
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But still, when we're talking about the radial probability distribution, what we actually want to think about is what's the probability of finding the electron in that shell?
但当我们讲到径向概率分布时,我们想做的是考虑，在某一个壳层里,找到电子的概率,就把它想成是蛋壳？
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So if we actually go ahead and multiply it by the volume of our shell, then we end up just with probability, which is kind of a nicer term to be thinking about here.
乘以壳层的体积,我们就得到了概率，在这里从这个角度，理解问题更好一些,如果我们考虑的是。
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So if you think of a shell, you can actually just think of an egg shell, that's probably the easiest way to think of it, where the yolk, if you really maybe make it a lot smaller might be the nucleus.
可以把它想成，个蛋壳，这也许是，最简单的思考办法,蛋黄如果，缩小非常多倍的话,就可以想象成核子。
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Within a constant shell, it varies from left to right, maximally taking value at the right extreme.
在一个固定的层里，它会从左往右变化，在最右边时达到最大值。
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I then click on the shell, rather than hitting F5, try and run it and say, it's not doing what I thought I should do.
然后我点击了命令解释程序，而不是按F5，我运行了程序而它，并没有按照我认为的那样做。
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We're saying the probability of from the nucleus in some very thin shell that we describe by d r.
某一非常薄的壳层dr内,一个原子的概率,你想一个壳层时。
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So let's do a quick clicker question, and you tell me how many valence electrons does fluorine have? Remember, valence electrons are different from core, they're only the outer-most electrons in the outer-most shell.
那么让我们来做一个小选择题，请大家来告诉我,氟有多少个价电子，要记得，价电子与芯电子不同，它们是在最外壳层的最靠外面的电子。
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And so when we get to n equals three that would be m shell by the spectroscopists' notation.
当n等于3的时候,根据光谱学家的标记法，那就是第m层。
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There is a huge difference between the energies in the outermost shell and the inner shells, which tells you that it's unlikely that any electrons except those in the outermost shell are going to be active.
最外层和最里层所具有的能量,有很大差异，而这告诉我们有一点是不太可能的,那就是除了最外层的电子,别的电子都是应该是活泼的。
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They have the highest average valence electron energy in any shell.
它们有最大的价电子能,任意一层都是这样。
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