No,according to the personality theory, what personal identity requires isn't item-for-item the same personality, but rather the same evolving personality.
不,根据人格理论,个人认同感并不需要一个完全相同的人格,而是同样在进化的人格。
So right now,let's imagine two people with Napoleon's personalities, complete personalities,one of them in Michigan,one of them in New York.
那么现在试想一下,有两个人拥有拿破仑的人格,完整的人格,一个在密西根,一个在纽约。
Through experiences of positive emotions, people transform themselves, becoming more creative, knowledgeable, resilient, socially integrated, " and healthy individuals."
通过体验积极情绪,人们实现改变,变得更有创造力,更博学,适应性更强,更易融入社会,获得更健康的人格“
According to Freud, there are three distinct processes going on in your head and these are in violent internal conflict.
根据弗洛伊德的理论,在你的头脑中存在着,三种截然不同的人格结构,它们之间存在着强烈的内部冲突。
Now,remember,according to the personality theory of personal identity, what makes it me is the fact that it's the same evolving personality.
请记住根据个人认同感的人格理论,定义我是我的是相同的进化中的人格。
That's why we said on the personality theory,as we went ahead in time, once the P-functioning stops,I don't exist anymore.
这就是为什么根据人格理论的说法,随着时间流逝,人格功能停止,我也不再存在。
So--does the personality theory has to say Ohoo, different personality, that kid no longer ? exists, that person died.
所以,根据人格论,我们难道说,人格不同了,那个孩子,不存在了,那个人死了。
After all,the problem that fission raises for the personality theory, in a nutshell,is that personalities can split,they can branch.
说到底,人格理论裂变问题的产生,总而言之就是由于人格可以分裂。
One analysis of multiple personality disorder is that you have many people inside a single body fighting it out for control.
对多重人格障碍的一种解释就是,在你的身体中存在着多个心灵,争夺对身体的控制权
As physicalist we can still say that the bases of personality is that there're bodies, there're functioning in certain ways.
作为物理主义学者我们认为,人格的基础还是肉体的存在,肉体的存在有很多个性。
During all of these problems for the personality theorist, the body theorist,the fans of the body theorist,is standing there laughing.
人格理论家被这些问题重重困住,肉体理论家和支持者在一旁笑了。
And I'm now suggesting that in my own case at least, the something else is,something extra, is same,similar personality.
我现在就要假设,至少对我来说,这其他的东西,就是相同或者相似的人格。
So, the personality theory of personal identity can be accepted by physicalists, and it can be accepted by dualists.
因此人格同一性的人格论,既可以被物理主义学者接受,也可以被二元论者接受。
Now,that thing that wakes up after this complete irreversible amnesia will no doubt eventually develop a personality,a set of beliefs,memories.
这人在经历了完全不可逆的失忆后醒来,最终发展出了自己的人格,信念和记忆。
So there will be--just I can have artificial hearts, artificial limbs, artificial brains which will get imprinted with the same personality.
我可以装上,人工心脏,人工四肢,人工大脑,在大脑里装入,同样的人格。
But it's the very same case.It can't be that in one of them, follow the body and the other one,follow personality.
但这是完全相同的案例不可能说在其中一个案例里,追随肉体,但在另一个里追随人格。
In fact,so what we see is,the body theory is in exactly the same problem, exactly the same situation,as the personality theory.
事实上,从我们所见能得出,肉体理论,和人格理论具有一样的问题和情况。
Because when we've thought about the first case, the intuition seemed to be, ah,personality's the key to personal identity.
因为当我们思考案例一,得到的直觉似乎是,人格是个人认同感的关键。
What I've done is imagine a case in which the personality functioning stops before the rest of the body functioning stops.
现在我要做的只是想象一个,人格功能在生理功能停止前停止的例子。
Now that by the by that somebody who believes in souls could also accept the personality theory of personal identity.
即使是相信灵魂论的人,也可以接受,人格同一性的人格论。
So, Freud believed there were five stages of personality development, and each is associated with a particular erogenous zone.
弗洛伊德认为人格发展,分为五个阶段,且每个阶段都与特定的动欲区有关。
I told you a story in which he wakes up,or his personality wakes up, however we should put it,in Michigan.
刚才的故事是,他醒来了,或说他的人格醒来了,地点是密西根。
Should we conclude,therefore, that the key to the important question--namely, What matters? the answer to that question, should we conclude,is,same personality?
我们是否就该得出结论,重要问题的关键,也就是什么是最重要的,这问题的答案就是相同的人格吗?
I would be--every 5 minutes that person will die, we will have a new person, despite having the same personality.
我会--,每过5分钟,那个人就会死一次,新的一个人又产生了,只不过他拥有同样的人格。
The structures in the brain which would underwrite the ability to engage in P-functioning, they're not destroyed by suspended animation.
存在于大脑中的,能够支持人格功能的结构,并没有被假死状态所破坏。
So here we've got the continuing,evolving over time-- this is all taking place in France-- the personality of Napoleon in France.
所以这是持续的,随时间进化的…,这都是发生在法国-,法国拿破仑的人格。
That follows then that this intuition suggests that what I find intuitively plausible is the personality theory of personal identity.
也就是说这个直觉暗示的是,我认为人格理论在直觉上是合理的。
Yet,the personality theory,the objection says, would tell us that he is Napoleon because he's got the beliefs of Napoleon.
然而,人格理论,会告诉我们他是拿破仑,因为他拥有拿破仑的信念。
If your roommate is dependent and needy, you could then go to your roommate and say, "You are an oral person.
如果你的室友很依赖他人,很粘人,你可以去告诉他,“你具有口腔期人格。
应用推荐