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Everyone, according to the logic ofAreopagitica everyone has the potential to assume the inner authority of conscience and self-discipline.
按照《论出版自由》的逻辑，每个人都有,用内在良心的统治和自律的潜力。
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So whilst the Queen is in charge and is Head of the Church,
所以，女王统治国家的同时，也是教堂的头领，
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I think dominion is also having a sense of responsibility that feels dualship over this incredible creation that God give as a gift.
我想这里的统治,也包含着一种责任感，那就是对,这个神奇的创造，对上帝赐予我们的礼物,索取的同时，也要负有责任。
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But in all likelihood Hebrews of an older time, the patriarchal period, the second millennium BCE--they probably weren't markedly different from many of their polytheistic neighbors. Archaeology would suggest that.
但很有可能更早的，西元前2000年族长统治时期的希伯来人，他们可能和其他信仰多神论的异邦人,没有什么太大的不同，这一点考古学会帮我们证明。
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The modern state, as we have come to understand it, is based upon the separation of civil society from governing authority.
我们所了解的现代国家，是根据,区隔公民社会与统治当局的角度来看。
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But this was the image, that the big person is there to protect you, and that his glory is your glory.
但是,当时的想法是统治者是会保护你的,他的荣耀也是你的荣耀
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The best example is when Julius Caesar has made himself master of Rome, but he's still behaving as though the republic exists.
于此最好的例子是,当尤利乌斯·恺撒成为罗马的统治者时,他仍然表现得仿佛共和体制仍存在似的
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But there's extra, again, insult to injury, when the person's got to remember that he used to be something extraordinary, a ruler.
但当这人不得不记着，他曾经位高权重，是统治者的时候,这又一次，是在伤口上撒盐。
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Now alas for Satan, it turned out that God's monarchy was actually based on genuine strength.
结果对撒旦来说不幸的是，上帝的统治,实际上还是依靠的真正的力量。
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What they cared about-- because the Roman Republic by this time was basically a bunch of very important households, wealthy men and their households, and they were the members of the Senate, they were the knight class, they were the people who ran Rome.
他们在乎的是。。。因为当时的罗马共和国,实际上就是一群举足轻重的家户，富有男子及其家户所组成，他们是元老院成员，是骑士阶级，罗马的统治者。
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Subordination to the white man is his normal condition.
黑人本来就应该服从白人的统治
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He's also described as the protector of patriarchs, patriarchal figures, "a God of the father of the clan," it says in the text.
他也被描述成族长们和统治者们的保护神，“氏族之父的上帝“，文中说。
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We can begin to see it is clear how Aristotle's best regime differs from Plato's intransigent demand for the rule of philosopher-kings.
我们可以开始清楚地发现,亚里士多德的最佳政体,如何有别于柏拉图,对哲学家国王统治的不妥协要求。
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They formed the rank and file of the republican armies in England against the rule of the king.
在反抗国王统治的战争中,正是他们,组成了这支共和军。
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Again, if you just thought about life as a ruler, well pretty good thinking about it in isolation.
再一次，如果你只考虑了统治者的生活，非常好地单独考虑。
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So the main business of government consists in knowing how to control the elites because they are always a potential source of conflict and ambition.
因此统治的第一要务在于,懂得如何控制精英人物因为,他们往往是冲突和野心的潜在来源。
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In the sixteenth century, the native Egyptians, who were smarting and smoldering under the humiliating foreign rule of the Hyksos, finally succeeded in rising up and driving them out, and reestablishing a native Egyptian dynasty.
在十六世纪，埃及当地人，他们痛苦而煎熬,在让人蒙羞的希克索斯人的统治之下，他们最终成功的起义并将外族驱逐出去，他们重新建立了埃及王朝。
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There are some who believe that slavery is natural, because ruling and being ruled is a pervasive distinction " that one sees all societies practice."
有些人相信,奴役是自然的演变，因为统治者与被统治者,有着普遍的区别,一方要看顾着整个社会的运作“
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Good, the default position in Greek political theory is aristocracy; that is the normal thing.
很好,希腊的默认政治状态是贵族统治,这就是它的常态
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So, they make their personal or dynastic rule absolute based on loyalty to them as individuals and not to the state as some sort of abstraction.
所以,君主将个人或者王朝的绝对统治,建立在［民众］对其统治家族的忠诚,而非国家这样的抽象概念上
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This was not only true of his experience at home, but of his failed efforts to turn Dionysius' kingship in Sicily into a successful example of philosophical rule.
这不仅验证于他的国内经历，也验证于他无力,助迪欧尼修斯将西西里王权,转为成功之哲学统治的过往。
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Some scholars refer to Deuteronomy as a kind of counter treaty, if you will, right? A subversive document that's trying to shift the people's loyalty from the Assyrian overlord to God, the true sovereign, and it's part of a national movement.
有些学者把申命记看做是一份对应的条约，如果你会这样的话，是吗？一份颠覆性的条约，试图将人们的忠诚,从亚述帝王那里引向上帝，真正的统治者，并且这是一次全国性行动的一部分。
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So, that makes it clear we're talking about a wealthy civilization, at least in which the rulers are wealthy, and in which the rulers, of course, are very powerful.
以上正说明了我们所讨论的是一个富有的文明,至少它的统治者很富有,当然,也很强大
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Most Greek states, just as they never moved beyond the hoplite style of fighting, never go beyond the oligarchical style of constitution which gives only hoplites political rights in the state.
大多数希腊城邦,从未超越过步兵方阵的作战方式,也从未超越过寡头统治的政体,只有在这样的政体下,步兵才有政治权利
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So, they would be alien bosses in a different territory.
他们成为了外来的统治者
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And it is precisely this desire to be self-governing, you might say to rule directly, to have a direct part in political rule, that Hobbes saw as one of the great root causes of civil war.
正是这种自我统治的愿望，直接统治的愿望，在政治统治中直接参与的愿望，霍布斯视为是,内战一个很重要的原因。
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Consider the following passage that he writes: "As to rebellion against monarchy, one of the most frequent causes is the reading of the books of policy and history of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
他曾写道：,反抗君主统治的叛乱，最主要的原因是,古希腊，罗马关于政治和历史的书籍,在民间的传播。
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The Netherlands also resisted absolutism, and the Dutch Republic remained the Dutch Republic; although, for reasons that we'll see later, the Dutch Republic ceases to be a great power in the 18th century.
荷兰抵制绝对统治的政体,保留了共合制,然而,后面我们将说到,荷兰共和国在十八世纪没落了
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And that explains the succession of rulers that have held the region: the Egyptians, the Amorites, the Israelites, the Assyrians, the Babylonians, the Persians, the Greeks, the Greek Ptolemies, the Seleucids, the Romans, and the list continues as we go on into the medieval and the modern periods.
这也解释了众多的统治者占领这一地区的原因：,埃及人，亚摩利人，以色列人，亚述人，巴比伦人，波斯人，希腊人，希腊的托勒密人，塞琉西人，罗马人，这个列表可以继续下去,如果我们考察中世纪和现代时期。
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