But in this case it's a response produced in the negative register similar to the responses produced in the saloon.
在这次让人讨厌的举动中,理查表现得与在酒吧里一样。
Like when you speak to people after chewing this gum, people just don't want to talk to you.
在你嚼过这个口香糖后跟人们说话的时候,大家都不想理你。
If you just have the first half, That that development is accomplished when Richard decides to leave the South.
如果你只看书的前面,你可能认为但理查,下定决心离开南方时,故事就此完结了。
And the reason is because Daniel is an older apocalyptic, prophetic text that was heavily influenced on early Christian literature.
因为但以理书是更古老的,有关天启预言的文本,对早期基督教文学有深远影响。
Poetic and practical language: you've already been hearing this in I.A. Richards and in the New Critics.
关于诗化的语言和实用的语言:,你们已经了解了理查兹,和新批评主义者。
The second is something a little more subtle and that is to find different ways to use technologies to basically stretch the boundaries to What it means to learn at MIT.
大学教育水平,第二件重要的事更微妙些,就是去发现不同方式使用技术来伸展,此对于在麻理学习的意义的界限。
Okay. How many--and be courageous here--how many have not heard Richard Strauss's Also Sprach Zarathustra?
勇敢点,多少人从没听过,理查 施特劳斯的查拉图斯特拉如是说
It is a reason or speech, not instinct, that makes us political.
是理法或辩论能力而非本能,使我们具有政治性。
The other is I take a mortgage, I buy a house, I pay it off, I go into a heavy indebtedness but with a good rational reason and it all works out in the end.
另一种情况是,我分期贷款买了一套房子,我还清了贷款,却债台高筑,这样,于情于理都能说通,而且,最终无事一身轻。
And from the titles we know he considered for this book, none of them make that claim "The Life of Richard Wright."
从他为书起的名字就能知道,没有人提议书名应该是《理查?莱特的一生》
If in the catalog imagination is awakened, this is what it can then do for Richard.
如这里出现了幻想,这是理查的缘故。
For Richard, he is mostly this kind of presence: a cavailing, angry, abusive presence.
理查认为父亲:,总是那么轻易动怒。
In doing this, the patrons titter; everybody sort of has fun with this.
理查的举动偷笑;,因为他们认为这很好玩。
And so Richard is learning a grammar of race even while he tries to work out how to use language as a source of power in his family.
所以理查在学习语言的艺术,虽局限于种族,就是他在家里受尽磨难时也在学习语言的魔力。
So think about the scene where Richard gets drinks in the saloon as a child.
回头来看,理查小时候在酒吧喝酒的场景。
She is representing this kitten that he's killed so that it comes back to haunt him.
它象征着那只,被理查杀掉的猫回来吓他。
And I want to just flip over to 13, about the same place on the page.
十三页的同一地方有母亲与理查的对峙。
It's as if Richard takes those words, and he makes them his own, takes them from his father and gains a different kind of strength from them, a strength he can then use to get back at his father.
理查按父亲说的做了,就如同把父亲说的,复制于他的大脑中一样,似乎从中获得了一种,不同寻常的报复方式。
This is what he says about them about three quarters of the way down the page: During my lunch hour, which I spent on a bench in a nearby park, the waitresses would come and sit beside me talking at random, laughing, joking, smoking cigarettes.
理查在文中,是这样说的:,“我坐在附近公园的长椅上吃午餐,那些女服务生,会坐过来和我谈笑风生。
So there is this sense in which the story of a developing writer is the story of someone learning even before they learn how to control language fully that language has these capacities.
书要讲给我们的,其实就是有关理查学习的过程,告诉我们语言在还无法很好被控制的时候,就已经有能力改变理查的生活。
They also have a longer version of Daniel and a longer version of Esther.
他们的但以理书更长,以斯帖也更长。
We'll go straight to 79. On page 79 we get an account of a conversation between Richard and his friends and it's annotated with interpretative asides.
让我们直接来看,理查与他同伴的对话,就是有注解的这里。
So the river is not dreaming; it's Richard who is dreaming.
因而并非河水如梦如幻;,而是理查在幻想。
The experience of having language speak through him and do things that he doesn't understand makes him want to acquire again that agency that he experienced when he took his father's words literally.
理查对自己所处的状态一无所知,说什么做什么都不明就里,这时的他渴望回到遵从父亲时期的状态,找回那种极富技巧的沟通方式。
Richard has no idea what he is saying.
可理查不懂。
Okay. So that's Richard Strauss's approach to death, not particularly relevant to you young people but for oldergentlemen such as Professor Kagan and myself we're getting close to that. Right, Don?
理查·施特劳斯的死亡与净化讲的是死亡,对你们年轻人可能有些距离,但对于我和卡根教授这些老绅士来说,我们离死亡越来越近,对吧,先生
Socrates seems to remain, even until the end, very much a kind of law unto himself while at the same time, again, providing Crito and others like him an example of rational and dignified obedience to the law.
苏格拉底一直到最后,似乎都保持着一种自我定义的法律,但同时,却也提供克里托及其它同类,一种理信,与庄严的服从法律范例。
So what you have is the account of Richard and his friends talking in the past, and you have the present narrator's parsing of how this language relates to topics that impinge upon their very context, the racial realities of the South.
理查和朋友的对话,呈现在面前,同时加入了陈述,关于这语言如何与影响上下文的话题相关,文中提到南方的种族现实。
This is the first instance in which Richard will do what he later describes Mencken doing, using words as weapons.
如同门肯后来所做的,语言第一次被理查当作武器。
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