内部和外部系统甚至有它们自己的操作——管理有其自身的决策周期，客户有其自己的操作环境——由各自的信息流描述。

Internal and external systems even have their own operations - management has their own decision cycle and customers have their own operating environment - represented by their own information flows.

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客户需要内部系统与外部服务(SOA或云)之间的交互，他们需要管理、安全加固、整合、以及加强这些服务的访问。

These customers want to talk from internal systems to external services (SOA or cloud) and they want to manage, secure, integrate, and generally enhance the access they get to those services.

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如前所述，有两种变化类型：外部，如客户输入；内部，如管理决策。

As mentioned before, there are two types of changes: external, like customer input, and internal, like management decisions.

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