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There's no price per share that you can observe and the banks can't do anything except passively receive the dividend.
这里没有可以观察到的每股价格,这些银行也不能做任何事,除了被动地接受股利。
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And there is a lot of people that want to place the blame on the accounting for those, for the bank failures
好多人想将银行破产等这些归咎于会计记帐，
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A lot of these savings banks tend to be very old institutions that go back to the nineteenth century.
这些储蓄银行往往历史悠久,很多可以追溯到19世纪
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There was sort of an economic takeoff in the 1850s and '60s in Paris because the State banks are in Paris, the State financial institutions are in Paris, and they can make or break investment in all these places.
在十九世纪五十至六十年代的巴黎,有了一次经济的腾飞,因为国家银行设在了巴黎,国家金融机构在巴黎,这些机构可以设立或取消全国的投资
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You've got these warehouses along the canals and here's where the bankers-- the Dutch had the most, along with the English, had sophisticated banking system in the world.
你已经见过了这些运河旁的仓库了,这些银行家们,大部分来自于荷兰,同时也来自英国,他们拥有世界上最复杂的的银行系统
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And the ex-Prime Minister Gordon Brown had his bank account accessed by these journalists
前首相戈登•布朗的银行账户也被这些记者侵入过，
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These are organizations that act like banks but are not called banks because they are not technically banks, so they escape regulation.
这些组织像银行一样运作,但它们不叫银行,因为从技术来讲,它们并不是银行,这使他们得以逃避监管
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The banks were not technically government institutions well they're semi-government; it's kind of strange set-up.
严格来说，这些银行,不是政府机构它们是半政府机构；,它们是奇特地建立的。
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That's because the banker is thinking, if I have this amount right now and I invest it for one year, then what do I have.
那是因为银行认为,如果我现在持有这些钱并将其投资一年,然后我会得到什么
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What was happening was, these banks were not being watched carefully enough; their capital requirements were not enough for the kind of assets they were investing.
当初是因为,对这些银行监管不力,它们的资本水平没有达到,投资这类资产的要求
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That's a very dispersed system but it still works because member banks keep deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks and they're required to keep these deposits.
这是一个非常分散的系统,但是它还是能起到很好的作用因为会员银行,在联邦储备银行里付保证金,并且它们被要求付这些保证金。
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Once the rumor got started that Asia was in trouble, these people started withdrawing their money faster and faster and it caused failures of domestic banks in these countries.
一时间流言四起,亚洲陷入困境,资金加速流出,这些国家的本土银行纷纷倒闭
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Other countries had set up central banks following on the Bank of England but the U.S. didn't set up a central bank; it set up a system of twelve banks and they were regional.
其他国家依照英格兰银行,建立了自己的中央银行,但是美国没有设立自己的中央银行；,美国建立了十二个银行的系统,并且这些银行是区域性的。
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The reserve requirement now is 10% 10% on demand deposits so they're forced to keep those reserves and much of that is in the form of deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks.
现在的法定准备金率%,在活期存款上是,所以它们被强迫持有这些准备金,并且一大部分是在联邦储备银行,存着的。
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In fact, they are in practice long-term because you have a relationship with your banker and you play golf with your banker and your banker understands that you have a business -he's your friend, let's hope.
实质上这些借贷款就是长期的,因为你与银行从业者有着千丝万缕的联系,你和他一起打高尔夫,而且他知道你在做生意...,他是你的朋友,希望如此
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They became almost worthless because they were investing in subprime debt and the value of the debt collapsed and so these collapsed as well.
它们变的分文不值,因为它们投资次级债务,而这些债券价格一落千丈,所以这些银行也跟着倒下
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Now, if that happens these homes are the collateral to the banks for all these mortgages and we're going to have -and probably do have already--a recession.
如果那种情况发生了的话,这些房子是银行对房屋抵押贷款的唯一担保品,那我们将会面临,-很可能现在正在面临着--经济衰退。
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If you go into an investment bank and say, I want to open up a deposit, they'll say, we don't do that. So, the word bank is somewhat misleading.
如果你去投行然后说，我想开户，他们会说，投行不做这些业务，所以银行这个词有点令人误解。
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What we've seen is a testing of the system -that we have regulatory requirements, that banks have enough capital -but this regulation is challenging because it's being stressed right now.
我们列举的这些案例都是对银行体系的考验,我们需要加强监管,以确保银行有充足的资本,但监管确实是一项艰巨的任务,因为现在面对的压力更大了
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Savings and Loans are the same as Building Societies, but the idea--the original idea and also the general idea today -is that these are banks set up for small savers in order that they can buy a house.
储贷协会和建房互助协会是一回事,其初衷以及现在的一般理念是,这些银行的建立是为了,让小额储蓄者买得起房子
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All of these central banks of Canada England Europe and Switzerland got together with the Federal Reserve and said--obviously they were worried about the financial crisis that was engulfing the world.
所有的这些中央银行,加拿大，英国，欧洲，瑞士,与联邦准备银行聚集到一起,说-明显的他们是担忧,现在正吞没整个世界的金融危机。
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That's because nobody trusted these banks they could go under any day and so they tended to sell at a discount.
那是因为没有人信任这些银行,它们可能在任何一天倒闭,所以它们倾向折价卖纸币。
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You can't call up the banker and say that, but if you're playing golf it comes out perfectly naturally.
他们不可能打电话给银行家说这些的,但如果你们一起打球,就会顺口扯到了
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The central bank posts an interest rate that is the rate at which these member banks can borrow.
中央银行设定一个利率,这个利率是这些会员银行可以借进的利率。
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The rating agencies weren't cutting the ratings as they should and these European banks were just kind of naively trusting and it just didn't get figured out.
信用评级机构并未按照实际评级,这些欧洲银行却很傻很天真地相信了,没有认识到潜在的风险
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What the Fed said it would do is announce an auction of so many billion dollars of loans to member banks and the banks have to supply collateral to the Federal Reserve.
美联储声明的它会做的事是,举行一场对,会员银行发放几十亿美元贷款的拍卖会,条件是这些银行必须,给联邦储备银行提供抵押品。
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Now these banks no longer issue notes.
现在，这些银行不再发行钞票了。
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I would be careful and not have all your money invested in stocks. I would look at a lot of these distressed debt--some of the distressed debt that has gone down. I don't know if you understand that but some of the debt that--even bank debt, which is the highest level, I think, has become very cheap.
我会非常的小心，不会把你们的钱全部都,投在股票上，我会寻找一些,不良债务--一些不良债务的价格已经下跌了,我不知道你们是不是理解这些东西,但一些债务--即使是银行债，它们的保险级别较高，我觉得，价格都已经很便宜了。
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