And I didn't specify the conditions, but if we were to do this under ordinary chemical conditions of some, you'd say room temperature and pressure, right, they all happen spontaneously.

我并没有特别说明反应条件，但是如果我们在通常的化学条件下,实现这些化学反应，比如在室温和大气压下下，他们都是自发的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

this happens spontaneously, you actually get energy out of the reaction as this happens.

这是自发的，当反应发生的时候,你会自发地放出能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Just to illustrate the kind of issues that we're up against here, let me just consider a few different chemical reactions, all of which happen spontaneously.

为了说明我们的观点,考虑一些，不同的化学反应，这些化学反应都是自发进行的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So here are some spontaneous chemical changes Here's one.

这有一些自发进行的化学反应,这一个。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So, then we go to thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium, and this is really about chemical reactions -- weather a reaction will go, will it be spontaneous, if there an equilibrium, what direction will the reaction be shifted in.

然后我们要讲到热力学和化学平衡,这都和化学反应有关，一个反应是否能发生,是不是能自发反应，如果存在化学平衡，它会朝什么方向移动。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

This one also happens spontaneously.

这个反应同样自发发生。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选