I better say something about oil in the ancient world, so that you get a grip on what's going on here.
我最好讲讲古代的石油，这样你们就能了解这里发生了什么。
In the ancient world, it was probably rare to castrate a dog or cat.
古时候可能很少阉割猫或狗。
It is difficult for us to imagine what life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
我们很难想象古代奴隶的生活是怎么样的。
In the ancient world, a trained memory was an immense asset, particularly in public life.
在古代，训练有素的记忆是一笔巨大的财富，尤其是在公共生活中。
Spices themselves had always been considered special or magical not just for eating and this was already true in the ancient world where legends about spices were abundant.
香料本身一直被认为是特殊的或神奇的，而不仅仅是食物，这在古代就已成为事实，有着大量关于香料的传说。
That's actually not unusual in the ancient world.
这实际上在古代并非不常见。
So it would sound familiar to you in the ancient world.
这在古代你会觉得很熟悉。
Remember, there's no printing press in the ancient world.
要记得古代是没有印刷机的。
And that's what women are in the ancient world,baby factories.
那是女人在古代的角色，生育机器。
And I have to tell you something about novels in the ancient world.
我得跟大家说说，古代的小说是什么样的。
He's one of the most radical Jewish theologians in the ancient world.
但他古代是最激进的，犹太神学家。
In South America we see some of the largest cities in the Ancient world.
在南美洲，我们可以看到一些古代最大的城市的遗址。
But, notice, that would look kind of familiar to you in the Ancient World.
不过注意，在古代你可能觉得熟悉。
Well, because there were ascetics who taught to avoid wine in the ancient world.
因为古代的苦修者，教人们避开酒。
Sanctuaries in the ancient world were understood to be the dwelling place of the deity.
在古时候，圣所被认为是,神的住所。
we've talked about how books were composed in the ancient world, and we talked about scrolls.
我们已经讲过在古代人们如何写书，也讲过书卷是什么样的。
That's odd, but it seems to express what would have been sort of a legal theory in the ancient world.
奇怪，但却解释了，古代世界的合法理论。
As today, athletes in the ancient world were popular and had tremendous impact on the society of their day.
像今天一样，古代的运动员很受欢迎，对他们那个时代的社会也有很大的影响。
Send them on,this is what you do in the ancient world, you give a messenger--there's no post office you know.
送他们继续上路，在古时候就是这样，你派出一个信使，那时是没有邮局的。
It was important in the ancient world for women to wear veils because it expressed humility; it expressed control.
在古代女人带面纱很重要，因为那表现了谦卑，表现了自制。
We get to the end of chapter 7,we're finally to this chapter, of course they're not numbered in the ancient world.
我们看完了第7章，这一章结束了，当然在古代没有章节号码。
Why does it seem natural to you that I write the Greek text up here and explain what its Greek meaning means in the ancient world?
为什么我在这写希腊语的经文，并解释其在古代的希腊语意思，对你们来说很自然？
In times of instability in the ancient world, people stashed their cash and if they got killed or displaced, they didn't come back for their Geld.
在古代的动荡时期，人们把钱藏起来，假如他们遭到了杀害或流离失所，他们就不能回来拿他们的钱了。
Of course in the ancient world everywhere the young man goes everybody falls in love with him, both women and men, because that was quite common.
当然在古代，不论这个年轻男子去哪，所有人都会爱上他，不论男女，这是很正常的。
The phenomenon of pseudepigraphy, that is,writings under a false name, was very,very popular in the ancient world, and we have all kinds of evidences for it.
伪典现象，即假借他人之名创作的作品，在古代是非常流行的，我们有大量的证据。
By this we mean modern people just have the notion that really pre-modern people didn't so much, that the world was radically different in the ancient world.
这是指现代人有，现代以前的人所没有的见解，现代世界和古代世界完全不一样。
They actually are pretty much only being taught historical criticism, what the text meant in the ancient world, just like I am teaching you in this class.
但实际上大多数老师，只教了他们历史批判主义，教他们如何用历史眼光看待经文，就像我在课上教你们的一样。
At least that's — in the ancient world it was always the women — woman's fault, it was the woman who was barren, never the man in common ways of thinking.
至少那…在古代，总是女人…女人的错，在普遍的想法下，是女人不会生育，而永远不是男人。
At least that's — in the ancient world it was always the women — woman's fault, it was the woman who was barren, never the man in common ways of thinking.
至少那…在古代，总是女人…女人的错，在普遍的想法下，是女人不会生育，而永远不是男人。
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