学习观察，像我理解的，就是，非哲学的方法来讲话，得到的坚强的意志。

To learn seeing as I understand it is almost what the un-philosophical way of speaking calls a strong will.

youdao

迄今为止，存在两种不同的哲学，即作为哲学的哲学和作为非哲学的哲学。

There exist two kinds of philosophy so far, namely, one acting as philosophy and another acting as non philosophy.

youdao

在四节大型哲学课上，一半学生阅读了一篇关于工厂化养殖肉类的伦理文章，非强制性观看了一段11分钟的视频，并开展了50分钟的讨论。

Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion.

youdao

But the crucial point for this view is that the proper metaphysical understanding of the mind is to think of it in nonphysical terms, nonmaterial terms.

但是这个观点的关键之处在于,从哲学角度对心灵的恰当理解,必须是在非物理的条件下去思考的,非物质的条件

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Evil is a moral and not a metaphysical reality.

邪恶是道德上而非哲学上的存在。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

But the most articulate and well-known defender of dualism is the philosopher Rene Descartes, and Rene Descartes explicitly asked a question, "Are humans merely physical machines, merely physical things?"

但是最著名最有影响力的二元论拥护者,则非哲学家勒奈·笛卡尔莫属,勒奈·笛卡尔明确地提出了一个问题,"人类是否仅仅是生理机器,是生理客体而已"

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选