转轨的社会成本 social costs of transition
Theoretically,it is essential to change state-owned assets resulted in low wage level into old workers’ individual account monetary value to solve the transition costs.
理论上,应该将这部分国有资产转化为老职工在新的养老保险制度下的个人账户资金,以解决中国养老保险制度的转轨成本。
参考来源 - 国有资产提高中国养老保险支付能力研究After analyzing the problems emerged in China's pension reform, this dissertation has put forward a Funding system that is appropriate for China. In addition, this dissertation has discussed the financial planning on the transaction cost and the fund management institution.
以此为基础，本文在分析了中国养老金体制改革中出现的问题之后，提出了在中国实行完全积累制的设想，并进一步讨论了转轨成本的筹资办法和规避完全积累制外生风险的管理方法。
参考来源 - 中国城镇职工养老金制度改革研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
这不仅要求转轨成本最小化，而且要求在转轨期间的制度效益达到最佳状态。
To minimize transitional cost and optimize the situation of system transition are necessary.
纵观个人账户“空账化”产生的背景及原因，不难发现：“空账”和转轨成本存在必然的联系。
Due to the background and reasons of empty account, it's easy to conclude that the empty account is closely related with the transition-cost.
转轨国家必须为市场治理机制重建付出必要的学习成本和时间。
A transitional country must spend necessary study cost and time to rebuild the market governance mechanism.
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