这不仅要求转轨成本最小化，而且要求在转轨期间的制度效益达到最佳状态。
To minimize transitional cost and optimize the situation of system transition are necessary.
纵观个人账户“空账化”产生的背景及原因，不难发现：“空账”和转轨成本存在必然的联系。
Due to the background and reasons of empty account, it's easy to conclude that the empty account is closely related with the transition-cost.
转轨国家必须为市场治理机制重建付出必要的学习成本和时间。
A transitional country must spend necessary study cost and time to rebuild the market governance mechanism.
这些问题的存在具有深刻的历史、体制原因：首先银行承担了经济转轨的成本。
There are many deep-rooted historical and institutional reasons for these problems: First and fore most, the bank is covering the cost of economic transition.
转轨经济学界长期存在着关于转轨过程中强制性变迁和诱致性变迁以及渐进主义变迁和激进主义变迁之间成本收益比较的争论。
There existed an argument about the cost and income compare between the induced institutional changes and coercive institutional changes, gradual and radical institution changes.
转轨经济学界长期存在着关于转轨过程中强制性变迁和诱致性变迁以及渐进主义变迁和激进主义变迁之间成本收益比较的争论。
There existed an argument about the cost and income compare between the induced institutional changes and coercive institutional changes, gradual and radical institution changes.
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