...尤其是放大了被告的学徒隐瞒珠宝的情节，认为这是一种隐瞒证据的行为，而上升为一种早期的“证明妨碍（Spoliation of evidence）”。后来，证明妨碍获得了比较完整的内涵，即对毁灭、隐匿证据以妨害他造进行证明活动之当事人，课予其证据法上一定之不利效果。
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妨碍证明理论 bewisvereitelung
ChapterⅣ: This chapter is mainly about the system of obstruction of evidence in China.
第四章主要是对我国现行证明妨碍制度的介绍和检讨。
参考来源 - 民事诉讼证明妨碍制度研究（研究生论文）Logically speaking,spoliation of evidence is based on relating personnel’s corresponding obligation,which puts forward the obligation from the beginning of litigation while the obligation of preserving the evidence begins from the "reasonably expected" of litigation.
证明妨碍之构成以相对人负有相应之义务为其逻辑基点,提出义务产生于诉讼提起之时,而保存义务则始于诉讼可"合理预期"之际。
参考来源 - 论证明妨碍法律效果之择定——以文书提出妨碍为例·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
但是，这不应当妨碍接收缔约国在其诉讼中披露可以证明被控告人无罪的资料。
However, this shall not prevent the receiving State Party from disclosing in its proceedings information that is exculpatory to an accused person.
这种观点混淆了起诉标准和证明标准的本质区别，妨碍了起诉标准的科学构建。
The viewpoint not only confuses the differences between the standard of prosecution and the standard of proof, but also cumbers the scientific construction of the standard of prosecution.
亚当是瑞典格莱美的获奖者、MTV上的常客，那证明他的原则并没有妨碍他的成功。
Adam is the proud owner of a 8 Swedish Grammy and he's a firm favourite on MTV, showing that his principles haven't got in the way of his success.
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