研究宇宙学观测基础及其推论的宇宙学分支。
观测宇宙学的终极目标，是建构宇宙的完整历史，对于宇宙最早由次原子粒子所构成的无形气体，提供清晰连贯的图像。
The ultimate goal of observational cosmology is to capture the entire history of the universe, providing a seamless picture of our descent from a shapeless gas of subatomic particles.
简述目前超弦理论中比较受到研究者较多关注的几个方向，特别是超弦宇宙学以及观测宇宙学的最新进展对理论提出的挑战。
A few active directions in string theory are described in this paper, in particular, string cosmology and challenges to theorists posed by recent results in observational cosmology.
还有许多别的观测证据暗示需要宇宙学常数存在。
There are a number of other observations that are suggestive of the need for a cosmological constant.
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