衬底，分为绘图衬底，和化工学衬底两种。绘图衬底指的是将图片或文字充满整个版面使其为底纹。化工学衬底最常见的为氮化物衬底材料等。
n. substrate ; underlayment ; substratum
misc. supporting base
Sapphire is the most commonly used substrate for the GaN epitaxy.
目前，蓝宝石是GaN异质外延最常用的衬底材料。
参考来源 - 硅基GaN薄膜材料及紫外探测器原型器件研究Under the same experiment conditions, GaN nanorods were synthesized on quartz substrate.
在相同的实验条件下，选用石英衬底，合成了氮化镓纳米棒。
参考来源 - GaN纳米线和薄膜的制备及其特性研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
研究人员塑造出衬底上金属材料的外表面。
Researchers are building the surfaces out of metallic materials on a substrate.
杨全国设计了一种以钢珠轴承填充并以硅衬底的仪表盘座架。
Yang designed a dashboard mount filled with steel ball bearings and lined with silicon.
其做法是在纳米级氧化硅透明衬底上生长氮化硅波导，衬底的折射率远小于波导。
The researchers placed a silicon nitride waveguide on a transparent nanoporous silicon oxide substrate that they specially developed to have a much lower refractive index than that of the waveguide.
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