只有内核才可以直接与 SPU 进行通信，因此需要将硬件接口抽象为系统调用或设备驱动程序。

Only the kernel can directly communicate with an SPU and therefore needs to abstract the hardware interface into system calls or device drivers.

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例如，在驱动程序与硬件进行通信时，它操纵寄存器以便请求一些所需的设备操作。

For example, when a driver communicates with hardware, it manipulates registers to request some desired operation of the device.

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最底层是屏幕和输入设备驱动程序(关于键盘或鼠标)来与实际硬件交互。

At the lowest level are the screen and input device drivers (as for the keyboard or mouse) to interact with the actual hardware.

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