据估计，生产单位卡路里热量的牛肉，需要八倍以上的谷物饲料，而且肉类消费的增长会引起对谷物需求的乘数效应。

Producing a single calorie of beef can, by some estimates, require eight or more calories of grain feed, and expanded meat consumption therefore has a multiplier effect on demand for grains.

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而在2001 - 08年期间，希腊年经济增长率仅为3.9%(其中90%来自消费，外加2004年奥运会的乘数效应)。

Yet in 2001-08, growth averaged just 3.9 per cent (of which 90 per cent was consumption, plus the multiplier of the 2004 Olympics).

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同时高负债的消费者也会竭尽所能来减少债务，导致乘数降低。

At the same time, highly indebted consumers may now be keen to cut their borrowing, leading to a lower multiplier.

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