常见病征包括视力减退、影像扭曲（变形、变大或缩小）。
Common symptoms include reduced visual acuity, visual distortion (metamorphosia, macropsia and micropsia).
通过扭曲电磁频谱的某一部分，就能够改变一个影像，或者让影像看起来像消失了一样。
By deflecting certain parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, an image can be altered or made to look like it has disappeared.
结果是这些背景星系的多重影像被扭曲成长而暗的弧——透镜效应的例子，类似于透过酒瓶底的玻璃看远处的街灯。
As a result, multiple images of these background galaxies are distorted into long faint arcs — a simple lensing effect analogous to viewing distant street lamps through a glass of wine.
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