法国人称为“terroir”——指特定地区土壤的一种说法，其中也包括种植和加工葡萄者的文化知识——的风土条件是关键。
What the French call terroir -- a term that refers to the soil of a given region but also includes the cultural knowledge of the people who grow and process grapes -- is crucial.
土壤中的砷或镉被运送到植物细胞并贮存在被称为液泡的小隔间里。
Arsenic or cadmium in soils is transported to plant cells and stored in compartments called vacuoles.
研究人员通过观测被称为泥炭丘的小丘来测量永冻带边界北退的程度，泥炭丘是在北部泥炭沼泽含冰的土壤上自然形成的。
The researchers measured the retreat of the permafrost border byobserving hummocks known as "palsas, " which form naturally over icecontained in the soil of northern peat bogs.
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