The mean variance models are formulated respectively in three market cases: (i) The stock prices follow jump diffusion process; (ii) Fixed consumption is considered; (iii) The market coefficients are stochastic processes.
分别建立了股票价格服从跳跃扩散过程、考虑固定消费、市场系数为随机过程这三种情形下的均值-方差模型。
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投资者的目的是：在保证固定消费正常进行的条件下，使最终财富的期望效用最大。
Under the condition that the fixed consumption can be guaranteed, we tries to maximize expected utility from final wealth.
受过良好教育的年轻女性愿意放弃她们的事业而成为二奶，一些人说这是流油的富人们的固定消费中最下策的花法之一。
That well-educated young women would be willing to forgo their careers to become ernais is, some argue, an example of the worst excesses of China's newfound fixation with the trappings of wealth.
然而，即便在那些仓储超市中，可自由支配的开支也已让位于固定消费，其中沃尔玛百分之四十的营业收入来自食品销售。
Even in these stores, however, discretionary spending was curtailed in favor of necessities, with 40 percent of Wal-Mart revenues generated from food purchases.
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