上位性（epistasis）原意是指某一基因受不同位点上别的基因抑制而不能表达的现象。现在上位性的涵义已有了扩展，在群体遗传学和数量遗传学中非等位基因的遗传效应为非相加性时，常统称之为上位性。也就是位于不同座位上的基因间的非相加性相互作用。
Epistasis was detected in all 12 chromosomes.
7．双向方差分析表明上位性分布于所有12条染色体。
参考来源 - 用分子标记剖析水稻重要农艺性状的遗传基础Objective The additive and epistatic and their GE effects on PGWC were analyzed in rice, genetic characters of PGWC in rice and characters of QTL detected in different populations were discussed.
目的分析稻米垩白率加性效应、上位性效应及其环境互作效应,探讨稻米垩白率的遗传特点和不同群体检测QTL的效率。
参考来源 - 利用CSSL和BIL群体分析稻米垩白率QTL及互作效应·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
一次支梗数表现有明显的上位性效应。
然而，对于上位性遗传模型，其运算时间还是过长。
Under epistatic genetic model, however, the running time is very long.
因此传统方法对QTL加性效应的估算会由于上位性的影响而有偏。
This might mean that the usual estimates of the QTL additive effects could be confounded by epistatic interactions and result in biased estimation.
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