一次支梗数表现有明显的上位性效应。
然而，对于上位性遗传模型，其运算时间还是过长。
Under epistatic genetic model, however, the running time is very long.
因此传统方法对QTL加性效应的估算会由于上位性的影响而有偏。
This might mean that the usual estimates of the QTL additive effects could be confounded by epistatic interactions and result in biased estimation.
这些是受复等位基因或含分离等位基因的位点支配的，上位性也可能靠它而起了作用。
These were controlled by multiple allels or by loci with allels that segregate independently whereby epistasis also may have played a role.
小麦幼苗抗旱相关性状以及平均隶属函数值受加性效应QTL和上位性效应QTL共同作用。
The interaction effects influenced the direct effects. 3. The drought tolerance related traits were determined not only by both additive QTLs and epistatic QTLs.
但是，今后的方法应当是以多位点模型、环境互作、上位性检验和多个相关性状联合分析为主。
However, the future approaches for GWAS should be based on the multi-locus genetic model, QTN-by-environment interaction, epistatic detection and multivariate analysis.
其次， 重点介绍了单位点关联分析、多位点关联分析、上位性和多性状关联分析方法及其软件包；
Then, the main approaches and their softwares for GWAS in plants were reviewed, including a single-locus model, a multi-locus model, epistasis, and multiple correlated traits.
这一单元的目的是介绍基因-基因相互作用(上位性)作为疾病易患基因研究中的一个显著的并发因素。
The goal of this unit is to introduce gene-gene interactions (epistasis) as a significant complicating factor in the search for disease susceptibility genes.
其它35.3%的QTL没有本身的加性效应，却参与了上位性互作，这些位点可能通过诱发和修饰其它位点而起作用。
The other 35.3 per cent QTLs did not have any significant additive effects of their own but were also involved in epistatic interactions.
这种演化过程对应着它在赫罗图上位置的规律性变动。
This evolution corresponds to the coordinate change of stars in the H-R diagram.
该血压计利用远程通讯，由上位机586进行系统管理，并采用软件的信号平均技术来达到较高的测量精度，在医疗临床上有广泛的适用性。
The meter is controlled by PC586 via remote communication with higher measuring accuracy using signal averaging technology of the software. The meter has a wide adaptability in clinical practices.
本文研制的TTU采用标准RS232通讯口，实时性强，通过上位机可以灵活、方便地进行参数配置。具有较大的推广价值。
The TTU adopts RS232 standard, has good real time quality, and can be configured easily and conveniently by PC, so it has high popularizing values.
籽粒充实不良的表现具有全穗性，但籽粒充实率在不同粒位间存在一定的差异，上位＞中位＞下位。
The position effects of grain-filling exist, ie, the grains of upper panicles are better than those in middle, which are furiher better than those of lower parts.
结果表明，这些指标的上位效应均不显著，均符合加性—显性遗传模型。
The result showed that the epistatic effect in all of those traits were not significant.
通过在上位机中输入水泥熟料含水量及易磨性的检测值，系统根据专家经验控制熟料生产中送料机和风机的转速。
According to cement water content and cement clinker grindability, when we enter their test values in the monitoring system of the host computer, the control system can run due to the setting value.
本文研制的FTU采用标准RS232通讯口，实时性强，通过上位机可以灵活、方便地进行参数配置。具有较大的推广价值。
The FTU adopts RS232 standard, has good realtime quality, and can be configured easily and conveniently by PC, so , it has high popularizing values.
我们须承认犯罪作为社会顽疾的客观规律性，从对待上位犯罪的全面防御，转向对下位犯罪进行针对性打击。
At the basis of acknowledging the objective regularity of crimes as social dense diseases, the idea should shift from defense predicate offences overall to targeted combating derived crime.
利用光缆传输系统实现变电站主控制室的上位机与现场的测量系统之间的通讯以提高系统整体抗干扰能力和信号传输的可靠性。
Optical cable is applied to communicate between measurement system near transformers and upper computer in main controlling room in order to improve reliability of monitoring system itself.
能够满足设计结构要求的锻件性一直是锻件最重要的优点之一，在某种程度上位于上述特性之首。
The ability of forgings to meet design requirements consistently is one of the most important advantages and takes into account all the preceding characteristics to some degree.
表明第7染色体上位于标记R1357~R1245之间的种子休眠性QTL位点是一个在年度之间稳定表达的控制种子休眠性的基因位点。
The QTL for seed dormancy on chromosome 7 between the marker R1357 and R1245 was a stable expressional locus associated with seed dormancy in different years.
改进的通讯方案增强了上位机和下位机之间数据交换的实时性。
The improved communicative scheme enhances the ability of real time of data exchange between host computer and slave computer.
介绍了用于监测电容性设备接地电流在线监测系统的整体构成，其中重点阐述了上位机软件的设计。
Based on the detection capacitive equipment's grounding current, the on-line monitoring system of grounding current was designed.
再次，利用OPC技术实现PLC与上位机的通信，并具体分析了OPC通信方式，通过程序的调试验证了OPC协议的确实可行性。
Thirdly, the protocol of OPC is allpied in communicating PLC with PC. Then the feasibility of the OPC is approved by programme.
民事诉讼当事人的实质性程序参与是民事诉讼中辩论主义与处分权主义的综合或上位概括。
The civil action litigants substantially legal procedure participation is the synthesis between the doctrine of controversy and the doctrine of punishment right in the civil action.
最后编写了整个系统的软件部分，包括上位机非实时性软件和下位机实时性软件部分。
Finally, the software of the system was programmed, including the non-real-time software of upper computer and the real time software of lower computer.
最后进行了上位机管理软件的设计，并对数据曲线平滑性处理方法进行了研究。
Finally, the programs has been developed for the IPC computer used for data managements, and then researched the method of making braking performance curve smooth.
结果表明，CUDA的应用使上位机目标跟踪的实时性得到了很大提升，可以将其应用于其它众多领域。
The result showed that CUDA could speed up calculation and be well used in real-time target tracking on upper computer.
结果表明，CUDA的应用使上位机目标跟踪的实时性得到了很大提升，可以将其应用于其它众多领域。
The result showed that CUDA could speed up calculation and be well used in real-time target tracking on upper computer.
应用推荐