The highest virus-carrying rate appeared in 2002 (8.40%). After 2005, no virus host animals were observed.

鼠带病毒率最高年度为2002年(8.40%)，2005年以后未发现带病毒鼠。

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It carries the virus from one host to another, primarily between monkeys, from monkeys to humans, and from person to person.

它将病毒从一个宿主传播到另一个宿主，主要是在猴与猴、猴与人以及人与人之间进行传播。

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Hemagglutinin is a viral protein that enables the flu virus to enter host cells.

血凝素是一种病毒蛋白，能帮助流感病毒侵入宿主细胞。

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Took it out of the virus completely, cloned it into a plasmid, that plasmid was expressed in a foreign host, in this case it was expressed in yeast cells.

将基因从病毒中完全提取出来,并克隆制成质粒,该质粒在外来宿主中表达,此例中质粒在酵母细胞中表达

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Well, if you knew a cell that could serve as a host for a virus, you could use this process of cell culture to make large quantities of virus,right?

如果你知道细胞可以变成病毒的宿主,可以用培养细胞的过程,制造大量病毒,对吧

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These released particles can now go on and infect neighboring cells, they can travel in the bloodstream to infect cells at a distance and the virus spreads throughout a multicellular host.

这些释放出的病毒颗粒,可以继续感染邻近的细胞,它们可以随着血流去感染远距离的细胞,于是病毒可以在多细胞宿主体内全面扩散

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Until researchers can determine what animal is the natural host of the virus, and how MERS spreads from the host to humans, each new outbreak is dangerous and mysterious.

CNN: Why MERS virus is so scary

That experiment was based on the long-held notion that a pandemic strain is more likely to emerge when a flu virus mixes its genes with another virus in an animal host, such as a pig.

WSJ: Scientists Craft Bird Flu Type That Can Be Transmitted Through Air

Some chimpanzees host the SIV virus which is regarded as being similar to HIV.

BBC: NEWS | Health | Vaccine link to Aids 'dismissed'