Interest rate affects life insurance demands mainly through the replacement effect and price effect.
利率主要通过替代效应和价格效应影响寿险需求。
A closer look at the fertility behavior of the poor is important because of the extensive literature on the "replacement effect" of high infant mortality.
仔细研究穷人的生育行为是很重要的，因为有大量关于婴儿高死亡率的“替代效应”的文献。
In fact, fluid flow - particularly pulses that mimic the effect of a beating heart - is proving crucial for growing replacement arteries in the laboratory.
事实上，流体的流动——尤其是模仿心脏跳动效果的脉冲——对在实验室培育人造动脉是至关重要的。
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