... semiconductor triode 晶体三极管 shell of electrons 电子壳层 shell structure [原子中电子]壳层结构 ...
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So, the chances of getting any activity from these inner shell of electrons are vanishingly small.
所以,内层电子间,进行反应的可能性,是很小很小的。
Unfortunately, the standard definition of a second relies on what the atom does at a temperature of absolute zero. Real clocks need to run at room temperature, where the shell of electrons puffs up.
遗憾的是,一秒钟的标准定义依赖于原子在绝对零度的条件,而实际的时钟需要在室温下运行,室温条件下电子壳层膨胀了。
All noble gases have the maximum number of electrons possible in their outer shell (two for helium, eight for all others), making them highly stable.
所有的稀有气体元素的最外层电子数都是该层最大的可能数目:氦的最外层电子有两个,其它的稀有气体最外层电子数是八。这使稀有气体非常稳定。
So, the chances of getting any activity from these inner shell of electrons are vanishingly small.
所以,内层电子间,进行反应的可能性,是很小很小的。
Because that will take care of all of the electrons that are capable of reacting, none of the inner shell electrons.
因为那样我们可以考虑到,除内层电子以外,所有可以发生反应的电子。
So the 3 s 1, or any of the other electrons that are in the outer-most shell, those are what we call our valence electrons, and those are where all the excitement happens.
它们是经常发生激发情况的,那也是我们所看到,我们称之为价电子,它们是经常发生激发情况的。
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