This dissertation introduces a two-stage decision-making (TSDM) procedure and technique based on the scope change in Research and Development (R&D) projects in order to reduce the development risks and the failure rate for new products.
为了减少新产品的开发风险,降低新产品开发的失败率,本文就基于范围变更的研发项目的二次决策展开了研究。
参考来源 - 基于范围变更的研发项目的二次决策·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
The key here is timely: as soon as a scope change has been requested, not at the end of the project.
这里关键是要及时：范围变更的需求一提出，而不是等到项目结束。
A good design can help to avoid it, but even the best designs can't cover every contingency or scope change.
一个好的设计可以帮助避开这一点，但即便是最好的设计也无法应对所有可能的情况或作用域变化。
This will include sections on how the team will manage issues, scope change, risk, quality, communication, and so on.
包括团队应如何管理问题、范围变更、风险、质量及沟通等。
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