Model formulation 1 is obtained.
结果得到模型公式1。
They continued to use intuitive knowledge as a basis for both discussion and model formulation.
他们继续对双方的讨论和制定模型使用直观的知识为依据。
The traditional bi-level model formulation of these problems is transformed into a single-level continuously differentiable problem using a marginal function approach.
并提出了一种基于路段变量的连续可导的边际函数和距离函数，从而把两层规划转化成单层规划问题。
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