The traditional bi-level model formulation of these problems is transformed into a single-level continuously differentiable problem using a marginal function approach.
并提出了一种基于路段变量的连续可导的边际函数和距离函数，从而把两层规划转化成单层规划问题。
The thesis lays emphasis on the model formulation of the whole economic benefits of Capital Construction System Engineering, and does not involve the technical or technological problems.
讨论的重点放在基本建设系统工程的整体经济效益与系统的评价和模型的建立，不涉及技术工艺上的问题。
Model formulation 1 is obtained.
结果得到模型公式1。
Model formulation 1 is obtained.
结果得到模型公式1。
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