The defect and energy level effect of antimony-doped tin oxide were discussed with possible defect reactions for the conductive powder.

探讨了锑掺杂氧化锡的缺陷与能级效应，确定了导电粉末中掺杂效应的缺陷反应。

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The same has happened to the "altitude tent", developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level.

“高原帐篷”也是如此，这是澳大利亚体育学院为了模仿在海平面高度地点的训练效果而设计研发的。

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Later working together in London, they laid the foundations of modern physics by showing that normal laws of cause and effect do not apply at the level of subatomic particles.

后来，他们在伦敦一起工作，证明了正常的因果法则并不适用于亚原子粒子，从而奠定了现代物理学的基础。

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She explains that the strategy did not work as predicted because of what's called a population level effect.

VOA: standard.2010.03.22

So, one difference between photoelectron spectroscopy and, for example, the photoelectric effect is that in this case, we're not just looking at one energy level, which is what we were looking at from the surface of a metal, now we're talking about this gaseous atom.

光电子能谱与光电效应的不同点在于，以这种情况为例，我们不只关心一个能级，就像原来在金属表面那样，现在我们研究的是气体原子，所以，我们可以从原子中。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Cause and effect below a certain level of definition is blurred.

在某种程度的定义的下的,因果关系是模糊的。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Alter the levels of those gases and you alter the level of the effect.

ECONOMIST: Climate change: Getting real | The

This incorporates a safety factor of 1, 000 on the lowest observed adverse effect level of antinomy in animals--in other words, the first statistically significant health problem in animals came from inhaling antimony at a level of 9000 micrograms per meter cubed.

FORBES: Medialand

One of the reasons for local economic crises is that national Governments have passed on an increasing array of service obligations to the local level, in effect creating a new cadre of local economic actors who were not necessarily up to the job.

FORBES: Europe in Crisis Without Systemic and Citizen Innovation