Moreover, the reported cancers in these clusters are often a collection of different types of cancer with no common characteristics and hence unlikely to have a common cause.

此外，报道的成群癌症病例常常包括不同类型的癌症，没有共同的特征，并因此不可能有共同的起因。

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In this case, the RSW manufacturer endured a lengthy (hence costly) root-cause analysis that eventually required a design change.

在这种情况下，RSW制造商必须忍受漫长的(因此是代价高昂的)根源分析过程，并最终改变设计。

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The truth is that synthetic ingredients or chemicals dry out the skin; hence, they cause irritation and other allergic reactions and even contribute to pre-mature aging.

事实上，人工合成的化学物质使皮肤变的干燥易过敏，甚至导致皮肤提前衰老。

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But in recent years, interest shifted to collision avoidance, hence the focus on driver behavior, the primary cause of most crashes, Dr. Campbell said.

FORBES: Crash Study Seeks Participants In Effort To Save Lives

First, when a new copy of copia inserts itself into a fly's genetic material, it may cause a deleterious mutation to a previously healthy gene (hence all the copia-related mutations detected by geneticists).

ECONOMIST: Truly selfish genes

Combined with the liberalisation of financial markets, this may cause big changes in the behaviour of firms and individuals, and hence the previous relationship between money and inflation is likely to break down.

ECONOMIST: Remember monetarism? It may be coming back into fashion