EGFR gene copy number alteration and mutation are highly variable and scientists have been challenged to define their prognostic significance in triple-negative breast cancer.

EGFR基因拷贝数的改变和突变有很大的差异，科学家试图定义其在三阴性乳腺癌中的预后意义。

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Most people with only one copy of the gene—"carriers"—survive and pass the gene to offspring.

大多数只有一个基因拷贝的人——“携带者”——能够存活下来并将基因传给后代。

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If a copy of a gene is a bit different from the original, that's called a genetic mutation.

如果一个复制的基因与原来的有些许不同，那就叫做基因突变。

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It's really been a powerful tool in molecular biology because I might have a very small copy of a gene that I'm interested in and I can make enough copies that I can start to do something else with it.

这确实是分子生物学的一项利器,因为我可能只有,很少量的感兴趣的基因拷贝,而我可以马上制造出足够数量的复制品,能使我用作其他用途

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When you think about a gene or a transcript, the messenger RNA copy of a gene, you know that for every sequence of a nucleic acid there's a complimentary sequence.

当你们考虑一段基因或者一个,转录一段基因的mRNA拷贝,你们知道每个核酸序列,都有互补序列

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Those with two copies of the commonest form of the gene (one copy inherited from each parent) smoked most.

ECONOMIST: Why some people smoke more than others do

The idea of treating disease by replacing a defective gene with a working copy gained credence in 1990 with the success of the world's first gene therapy clinical tests against a rare condition called severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).

MSN: European regulators back first gene therapy drug

In this case the blistering happens even if the other copy of the gene is healthy.

ECONOMIST: Genetics gets more complicated