former /ˈfɔːmə/ CET4 TEM4

• 1. 

  ADJ Former is used to describe someone who used to have a particular job, position, or role, but no longer has it. 前任的 [ADJ n]

  例：

  The unemployed executives include former sales managers, directors and accountants.

  失业的高管包括前销售经理、主管和会计。

  例：

  ...former president Richard Nixon.

  …前总统理查德·尼克松。

• 2. 

  ADJ Former is used to refer to countries which no longer exist or whose boundaries have changed. (国家) 已不存在的; 疆界已变的 [ADJ n]

  例：

  ...the former Soviet Union.

  …前苏联。

• 3. 

  ADJ Former is used to describe something which used to belong to someone or which used to be a particular thing. 昔日的 [ADJ n]

  例：

  ...the former home of Robert E. Lee.

  …罗伯特·E·李的故居。

• 4. 

  PRON When two people, things, or groups have just been mentioned, you can refer to the first of them as the former. 前者 ['the' PRON]

  例：

  They grappled with the problem of connecting the electricity and water supplies. The former proved simple compared with the latter.

  他们设法解决供电和供水的连接问题。前者与后者相比证明很简单。

• 5. 

  N a person or thing that forms or shapes 形成者; 样板