Another was to use foreign currency: the bank could lend, or accept a bill of exchange, in one currency and collect its debt in another, building a hidden rate of interest into the exchange rate.

另一个好处是他们可以利用外国货币。银行可以用一种货币借出汇票再用另一种货币来收债，暗中调高的汇率就成了银行自己的潜利润。

youdao

In other words, a central bank trying to prop up its currency must allow its sales of foreign exchange to reduce the domestic money supply.

换一句话说，央行要如果要支持它的汇率，必须容许出售外汇以降低国内的货币供应。

youdao

The trade surplus pours a steady stream of foreign-currency export earnings into China, funds the central bank buys up in exchange for local currency and holds in its official reserves.

贸易顺差给中国带来了稳定的外汇出口收益，给中国央行提供了收购资金以交换本币并维持官方储备。

youdao

The chief justice - the most senior judge in the country - denies keeping undisclosed bank accounts, amassing undeclared sums in foreign currency or engaging in financial misconduct.

BBC: Asia

Countries with plenty of reserves, such as China or India, could allow mutual funds (domestic or foreign) to issue shares in domestic currency with which they could buy foreign exchange from the central bank.

ECONOMIST: Charting a different course | The

The trade surplus leads to large inflows of foreign currency, which is bought up by the central bank in order to hold down the exchange rate.

ECONOMIST: The economy just grows and grows