最近发现：尽管碎石技术有所进步，在经皮肾镜取石术中出血仍是引起患者死亡的原因。
Recent findings: Despite advances in lithotripsy technology, bleeding continues to be a cause of patient morbidity in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
评论目的：由于泌尿外科医师需要长期依靠经皮肾镜取石术，对于相关的出血风险及其处理的清楚了解是必要的。
Purpose of review: as urologists will continue to rely on percutaneous nephrolithotomy, a clear understanding of its associated bleeding risks and management is mandatory.
总结了输尿管肾镜下套石篮取石的经验教训。
The experience of ureteroscopic basket extraction of ureteral stone was proposed.
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