悬挂式防渗墙能显著提高堤基抵抗管涌破坏的能力，且防渗墙布置在堤防下游侧比上游侧更有效。

Suspended cut-off wall can effectively increase foundation resistance to piping and it is more efficient when it is situated in land side than in river side.

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同时，在坝基厚度改变情况下，分别探索了渗流量、砂环直径、测压管水头、管涌破坏时间等的变化规律。

Meanwhile, in the case of the change of foundation thickness, the law of seepage amount, sand ring diameter, piezometric head, piping breach time etc were respectively explored.

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当三层堤基浅砂层较薄时，将发生深层管涌破坏，管涌破坏区涉及浅砂层及下部砂砾石层，其宽度和深度较双层堤基大，出口涌砂量也较多。

But for triple stratum foundation, if the top sand layer is relatively thin, piping is vertical. The damage zones are large in width and depth that expand to the sand layer and gravel layer.

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