权限定义谁可以访问给定文件、谁可以读取它、谁可以向其写入，以及谁可以执行它。

The permissions define who can access a given file, who can read it, who can write to it, and who can execute it.

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这个“密码”文件非常容易读取，并且通过尝试和匹配敲打模式，可以获得对系统的访问权限。

It is comparatively easy to read this "password" file and simply try and match the knock pattern to gain access to this system.

youdao

细粒度访问控制不只是授予或拒绝执行程序或读取数据文件的权限。

Fine-grained access control goes beyond granting or denying the right to execute a program or read a data file.

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