Research from Nova Southeastern University found that female managers were more likely than male managers to display "surface acting," or forcing emotions that are not wholly felt.
诺瓦东南大学的研究发现，女性管理者比男性管理者更有可能表现出“表面行为”，或强迫自己的情绪不被他人完全感知到。
Surface acting is a prime example of "emotional labor," a concept that the writer Jess Zimmerman made familiar in a 2015 essay.
表面行为是“情绪劳动”的一个典型例子，作家杰西·齐默尔曼在2015年的一篇文章中让人们熟悉了这一概念。
"Women were harmed more by surface acting, meaning their mood worsened even more than the men and they withdrew more from work," Scott says.
斯科特说：“表面文章让女性更受伤害，心情的受影响程度比男性更甚，而且更怠工。”
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