对世界各地的生物医学研究人员来说，双胞胎提供了一个宝贵的机会，来解开基因和环境——也就是先天和后天的影响之谜。
To biomedical researchers all over the world, twins offer a precious opportunity to untangle the influence of genes and the environment—of nature and nurture.
亿万富翁是天生的还是后天的？
仅仅是把生来就具有的理性真理和后天的经验知识简单相加吗？
Is it solely from some rational truths we are born with and the rest we learn through experience?
一些手势有着共通的意义(比如一只握紧的拳头)，但大多数需要后天的习得。
While some gestures (e.g., a clenched fist) have universal meanings, most of the others are individually learned and idiosyncratic.
有人认为天性决定性格，有人认为后天的培养决定性格，两者之间的争论并不局限于“人性”的研究者们。
THE battle between those who think character comes from nature and those who think nurture is the key is not confined to students of humanity.
他当前的最爱角色是五百川空雫（Karada-chan），她是动漫《后天的方向》里的六年级女生，有着黄褐色的头发。
His current favorite is Karada-chan, a copper-haired sixth grader from the anime “A Direction in the Day After Tomorrow.”
此时，我们就有必要说说面容失忆症的多种形式：一种是后天的，病症发生在脑部损伤之后；一种是遗传的，就像萨克斯和克劳斯一样。
At this point, it's worth saying that there are various forms of prosopagnosia, an acquired version which people get after brain damage, and an inherited form, which Oliver Sacks and Chuck Close have.
“这是关于先天和后天的老问题了，”当我们在考察稀有物种绒猴的时候，她回答道：“这样说吧，自然不是正在把我们推向一个方向，它只是在推。”
"That's the old question of nature versus nurture," she replied, as we surveyed a rare breed of tamarin. "Look at it this way: nature is not pushing us in a particular direction; it's just pushing."
派格·诺普洛斯、杰西卡·伍德以及他们的同事最近在爱荷华大学做了一项研究，结果显示，即使是从大脑结构上来分析，想要理清先天与后天的纠缠也是十分困难的。
Recent research by Peg Nopoulos, Jessica Wood and colleagues at the University of Iowa illustrates just how difficult it is to untangle nature and nurture, even at the level of brain structure.
自从25年前正式确定这种疾病以来，对于后天性免疫缺陷综合症仍然没有有效的治疗。
Twenty-five years since it was first identified, there is still no cure for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
对于后天性的疾病，比如癌症，基因治疗试验是通过引入可以杀死癌细胞的基因。
For acquired diseases, such as cancer, gene-therapy trials are introducing genes that are intended to kill cancerous cells.
社会学和计算机课程的最后期限是后天。
The deadline for the sociology and computer courses is the day after tomorrow.
换句话说，它指的是任何后天获得或习得的东西，而不是天生或自然而得的。
In other words, it refers to anything that is acquired or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural.
哲学家们把这类知识称为“经验性真理”或“后天真理”，意即它们的正确性是通过实践证明的。
Philosophers call these statements empirical or a posteriori truths, meaning true after experience.
起码，这是一种后天获得的认知技能。
没有认识到演讲是一个可以后天习得的技巧。
今天就是最好的选择。而不是明天或者后天，停止把该做的事情推迟到明天，让今天变成最好的一天。
Today is the day. Not tomorrow. Or the day after that. Stop putting off things until tomorrow. Let today be the day.
研究表明，这不是天赋或天生的——而是他们后天开发获得的技能。
Research shows that this isn't a gift or a talent -it's a skill that they have developed.
我们大多数人已经达成一点共识，那就是确切的答案既不是单单是先天因素，也不单单是后天影响，而是二者的综合。
We’ve reached a point where most people are savvy enough to know that the correct response isn’t “nature” or “nurture, ” but some combination of the two.
这是一个后天影响先天的典型例子。
但是里面当然也存在一些后天培养的因素。
But, of course, there is some element of nurture in this equation.
甲基化作用是对DNA的后天修改，并改变基因活动，通常是在基因组内减少这个活动。
Methylation is an epigenetic modification to one's DNA that changes a gene's activity, generally reducing that activity within the genome.
心智模式——在组织内开发对后天习得的思维方式的领悟力，并且不断地质疑这些思维方式。
Mental models—to develop awareness of the acquired patterns of thinking within organisations, and to constantly challenge them.
另一方面，对俗语、俚语和土语的理解，后天双语者可能不会有同自然双语者一样的深度。
On the other hand, the acquired bilingual may not have the same in-depth knowledge of colloquialisms, slang, and dialect that the born bilingual has.
记住：后天就是你余生的第二天。
Remember: the day after tomorrow, is the second day of the rest of your life.
至于领导力是后天还是先天形成的？
表观遗传过程是一种化学反应，与天生和后天培养都没有关系，但它代表了研究人员所说的“第三种成分”。
Epigenetic processes are chemical reactions tied to neither nature nor nurture but representing what researchers have called a "third component".
表观遗传过程是一种化学反应，与天生和后天培养都没有关系，但它代表了研究人员所说的“第三种成分”。
Epigenetic processes are chemical reactions tied to neither nature nor nurture but representing what researchers have called a "third component".
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