配分函数是什么,这些构型的？
so what's our molecular partition function for this configurational degree of freedom?
这里分子的配分函数用q标记。
我们总是写下，一些分子的配分函数。
我们写过了平动的配分函数。
So so far, we've written for translation partition function.
能量相加，配分函数相乘。
If the energies add, then the partition functions multiply each other.
所以振动配分函数,等于。
So all the partition functions for the vibrations 1 are equal to one.
接着我们计算配分函数。
这个求和叫做配分函数。
要把配分函数分解成，子系统的配分函数。
So it's the separation of the partition functions into subsystem partition functions.
我们的分子配分函数。
在构型配分函数中。
称为正则配分函数。
现在我们有我们的大，我们的正则构型配分函数。
Q And now we have our capital Q, our canonical configurational partition function.
计算了密度矩阵、配分函数和熵。
不同自由度的能量要相加，相应的配分函数要相乘。
And whereas the energies of the degrees of freedom add up, the partition functions get multiplied.
这意味着，配分函数，是带波耳兹曼常数的各项之和。
And what that means is, in the partition function, which is a sum over all these terms with these Boltzmann factors.
不仅如此，再一次，我们能配分函数,从上面的分子。
Not only that, again, we could get this directly from the molecular partition function up there.
上节课我们看到了如何,从正则配分函数导出，内能等量。
So last time, then, you saw how from the canonical partition function, you could get something like the energy.
平动配分函数乘以，振动配分函数，乘以转动配分函数等等。
The translational partition function times the vibrational partition function, times the rotational partition function, et cetera.
然后，大，整个系统的正则配分函数，这是我们之前探讨过的。
Q And then, big Q, the canonical partition function for the whole system, it's something that we've been through before.
讨论了室温条件下氢的转动配分函数应采用的形式。
The rotational partition function and thermodynamical properties of hydrogen;
估算配分函数为并检查结果与标准的几何级数和一致。
Evaluate the partition function as and check that the result agrees with the standard geometric series sum.
由配分函数求出二元系统的物态方程和偏超额化学势。
Then the equation of state and partial excess chemical potential for binary system is developed.
我们所希望的，当然是我们能中得到那些结果，从适用的配分函数。
What we should hope, of course, is that we can derive those results from the partition functions that are appropriate here.
你能做的，配分函数，可以写成积的形式，这些子部分的配分函数的。
And what we're going to be able to write, then, is that this molecular partition function itself can be written in terms of a product of partition functions for the sub parts of the molecular energy.
就像我说过的，我就可以计算所有的热力学量，如果我知道了配分函数。
Like I promised, we're going to be able to derive every thermodynamic quantity if we just know the partition function.
这就让我们开始思考，要怎么来表示亥姆霍兹自由能,用正则配分函数？
So it becomes interesting, then, to figure out, how can we write the Helmholtz free energy in terms of the canonical partition function?
只要把所有分子平动配分函数相乘,对平动部分,幂次是N，粒子总数。
We know what you need to do is take all the molecular partition functions, the transitional ones, and to the N factor. The number of particles.
那么现在我们就能写出,分子构型的配分函数,和系统的正则配分函数。
So now we can just write out the configurational partition function for the molecules and also the canonical partition function for the system.
通过这一模型加上虚时温度场论就可以写出核物质系统的配分函数。
Through this model and using finite temperature field theory, we can write down the partition function of the system.
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