Silent genes accumulate random mutations, they reasoned, eventually rendering them useless.
他们推断，沉默基因积累随机突变，最终使它们变得无用。
Founder mutations are a class of disease-causing genetic mutations, each derived from its own ancestral "founder" in whom the mutation originated.
创始者突变是一类引起疾病的基因突变，每一种都源自其自身祖先的“创始者”。
Heritable mutations of ALAS2 gene are responsible for the human X-linked sideroblastic anemia.
ALAS2基因的可遗传突变是人类X连锁铁粒幼细胞性贫血的原因。
The mutations appear to occur sporadically and spontaneously.
变异似是偶发和自发的。
About 30 percent of human lung cancer patients have mutations in Kras.
大约30%的人类肺癌病人有Kras突变。
The next pandemic will occur through adaptive mutations [in the virus].
陈冯富珍说：“下一场大流行将通过[病毒的]适应性突变而发生。
Virus from one of the patients shows mutations at the receptor-binding site.
来自患者之一的病毒显示在受体结合部位突变。
Had a few, fateful mutations changed an innocuous chimp virus into a human killer?
是一些决定性的突变让这种良性的猩猩病毒变身为人类杀手的吗？
But two patients with the same type of cancer might have only five mutations in common.
但是两个同患一种癌症的病人可能只有5种相同的变异。
Many mutations do not alter any important features of the virus or the illness it causes.
许多变异对病毒本身或病毒所造成的疾病的任何重要特征不会带来影响。
Subsequent genome analysis revealed numerous mutations in the DNA of the adapted bacteria.
随后的染色体组分析显示，被改造细菌的DNA中存在大量的变异。
"Exome sequencing has a lot of advantages for the discovery of rare mutations," said Wang.
“外显子组测序在稀有突变的发现上有很多优势，”Wang表示。
A cell becomes cancerous when the genes that stop runaway growth are sabotaged by mutations.
我们知道，当阻止生长失控的基因遭到突变的破坏之后，细胞就会产生癌变。
They did this by genetically modifying mice to make them prone to passing on genetic mutations.
他们是通过将老鼠基因改造使其更易于传递基因突变达到这个效果的。
But the viruses can cause mutations scientists don't want, and in some cases, they cause cancer.
但是病毒会导致科学家们不愿意看到的变异，在某些情形中，它们甚至会引发癌症。
It took five mutations to let it jump to dogs from horses, where it had circulated for 40 years.
病毒经过5次变异才从马传染给狗，而在马之间的传播已有40年了。
Two of the encode mutations involved are also known to cause a rare disease called mucolipidosis.
其中有两种编码突变也会引发粘脂沉积症——一种罕见的疾病。
The five key mutations could not be reversed first, because the receptor would be rendered useless.
这五个关键突变不能被先逆转回去，因为这样的话受体就会变得无用。
But when they tried reversing the same seven mutations in AncGR2, the protein no longer functioned.
但当他们试着在AncGR2中扭转这7个突变时，蛋白质却不再具有活性。
The more widely the duplicated genes spread in a population, the faster they will acquire mutations.
重复的基因在种群中散布越广，它们招致变异就越快。
Each version had its own set of mutations that it acquired after the virus had invaded our ancestors.
每个拷贝都具有自己的一套突变，这些突变是病毒感染我们的祖先后形成的。
The tweeting mouse, created by triggering mutations, could help shed light on how language evolved.
这只老鼠是通过基因诱变“制造”出来的，它会象鸟儿一样啁啾鸣叫。专家说这个结果可能会帮我们弄清语言的进化过程。
Officials also want to keep a close eye out for possible mutations that might make the virus more lethal.
官员们还将密切关注可能出现的变异，它也许会让这种病毒更具致死性。
Rope mutations are, in theory, much faster than those of contiguous-character string representations.
Rope的变换从理论上要比使用连续字符的字符串表示方式快得多。
But new research finds that it may be fairly common for multiple mutations to happen in DNA simultaneously.
不过最新的一项研究发现，更多的情况则是DNA编码序列上同时发生多个位点的突变。
Scientists have studied many gene candidates, and mice carrying some of those mutations do show some signs.
科学家们已经研究了许多候选基因，其中有一些基因，老鼠携带其突变后确实可以表现出某些孤独症迹象。
Scientists have studied many gene candidates, and mice carrying some of those mutations do show some signs.
科学家们已经研究了许多候选基因，其中有一些基因，老鼠携带其突变后确实可以表现出某些孤独症迹象。
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