The economy was hidebound by public spending and private monopolies.
该经济体由于公共开支和私有垄断而变得僵化。
Tech multinationals' monopolies should be prevented.
我们应该防止高科技跨国公司的垄断。
Government's role in the economy was to promote competition by destroying monopolies and special privileges.
政府在经济中的作用是通过破坏垄断和特权来促进竞争。
The system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopolies for the exploitation of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas.
专利授予制度为开发新技术提供了暂时的垄断地位，它最初的建立是为了激励人们追求有风险的新想法。
New monopolies could still arise in other technological fields, too.
其他技术领域也能助长新的垄断。
So newspapers were monopolies, and local TV stations were oligopolies.
因此，报纸是卖方垄断，本地电视则是买方垄断。
The service sector suffers from monopolies, and the tax burden is rising.
服务行业受到垄断部门的排挤，税收负担也不断加重。
Many of the old Banks and law firms operated as monopolies or cartels.
许多老的银行和法律公司都是以垄断或者卡特尔的方式运作的。
In the old days, antitrust laws kept monopolies from buying potential competitors.
过去，反垄断法禁止垄断大户收购其潜在竞争者。
But it seems unlikely that the mobile-phone industry will produce such quasi-monopolies.
但是似乎不可能手机产业会产生这样的准垄断。
Conventional economic wisdom holds that monopolies should spend heavily on research.
根据传统经济学的经验，垄断者应不惜重金搞科研。
It wants to storm the last bastion of post-office monopolies (carrying ordinary letters).
它还想攻克邮政垄断这最后一个“碉堡”(从事普通平邮业务的公司)。
Electricity prices are high because the monopolies have little incentive to cut costs.
电价高昂是因为垄断商们没什么理由削减成本。
These monopolies also prevent Japan from seriously pursuing alternative sources of electricity.
这些垄断组织还严重阻挡着日本寻找电力的可替代能源。
That's because big league teams in the us-and the leagues themselves-are, in effect, monopolies.
这是因为美国大联盟各球队——和联盟自身——事实上是垄断的。
The import and roasting of coffee became state monopolies; royal sniffers sought out rogue roasters.
咖啡的进口和烘烤成为国家垄断产业，皇家嗅探者竭力搜寻不法烘烤人。
Most of the companies they deal with are quasi-monopolies that get away with atrocious customer service.
我们经常跟那些垄断色彩浓厚的企业打交道，他们的客服实在是太糟糕了。
Then, in the 1980s, cable-television companies secured local monopolies to provide coaxial cable as well.
而后二十世纪八十年代，有线电视公司利用共轴电缆取得了地区垄断。
Regional newspapers cultivated cosy monopolies and routinely enjoyed annual profit margins of more than 20%.
地方报纸独霸一方，独享每年超过20%的盈利。
Though scourges of entrenched monopolies, he and they strike extraordinary deals to limit competition when they can.
尽管明知垄断专营不好，范德比尔特还是在可以的时候与他们达成协议、限制竞争，这是他矛盾人生的又一个例子。
There is an alternative to establishing private-sector monopolies and here 'privatize and regulate' can work both ways.
因此，建立私人部门的垄断和对其进行“私有化和规范”都是不错的途径。
Worse is a suspicion that rather than going after the big monopolies, the law’s initial targets will be foreign companies.
更糟糕的是，还有推测外企将首当其冲，而非大垄断者。
Long used to operating as monopolies, bourses in Asia and Latin America now face competition from alternative trading platforms.
长期以来习惯于垄断操作的亚洲和拉美的证券交易所，现在面临非传统平台的竞争。
That's because utilities still operate as monopolies in much of the U.S., controlling the local market for equipment and technology.
这是因为在美国很多地方，公用事业部门仍然是垄断运营，在设备和技术方面控制着当地市场。
Consumer monopolies offer products where there is little or no competition. These are the "best in breed" companies in their sector.
独特性产品面临的竞争相对较少，他们的产品是同类型中的最佳选择，而且这种公司对产品的定价比较灵活，消费者愿意支付更高的溢价。
Consumer monopolies offer products where there is little or no competition. These are the "best in breed" companies in their sector.
独特性产品面临的竞争相对较少，他们的产品是同类型中的最佳选择，而且这种公司对产品的定价比较灵活，消费者愿意支付更高的溢价。
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