One could see gold priced in yen as a measure of the market's views on the deflation/inflation question (see chart).
人们可以通过看黄金价格与日元的比对衡量市场通货膨胀还是通货紧缩（见图表）。
Rocketing fees far outstripped inflation over the past decade (see chart); the increase is now greater than for house prices.
在过去十年间，飞涨的学费远远超过通货膨胀(见表)；而且现在这种增长已经远超过英国房价。
Real interest rates (ie, after allowing for inflation) have been negative for the past two years and even now are barely positive (see chart).
实际利率(包括通货膨胀)过去两年一直为负，即使是现在，也仅仅勉强为正(见图)。
Years of falling prices in Japan combinedwith modest inflation elsewhere mean the real effective exchange rate is belowits average since 1990 (see chart 2).
自1990年以来（见表2），日元连年贬值加上其国内温和的通货膨胀使得日元实际汇率低于平均值。
The chart shows just how low real rates, adjusted for inflation, are.
这张图表说明了经通胀调整后的实际利率有多低。
Spending oninfrastructure has risen steeply since the 1950s, even when inflation andpopulation growth are taken into account (see chart).
从1950年以来，基础建设的花费迅速增长，即使把通货膨胀和人口增长包括在内（见图表）。
And we have discussed how to chart the right path to steer clear of the dangers of deflation and inflation, prolonged fiscal profligacy and premature frugality.
我们讨论了如何探索正确的道路，规避通胀与通缩、长时间财政浪费和过早节俭的风险。
Overall, food inflation remains uncomfortably high (see chart), in part because of costlier raw materials.
总的来说，食品通胀率依然处于令人不安的高位（见图），部分原因是因为原料价格上涨。
Since 1981 productivity has risen by 172%, after years of stagnation【14】. Adjusted for inflation, rates are down by 55% since 1981 (see chart 1).
经历了多年的停滞不前，自1981年以来铁路运力水平上升了172%,基于通胀的调整，货运价格下降了55%（见图一）。
Expected inflation looks tame, too (see chart).
预期通货膨胀看起来也很温和(见表)。
It thought it had won the battle against inflation, which fell as low as 3.1% in October, and had turned its attention to the rupee, which was then uncomfortably strong (see chart).
10月份低至3.1%的通胀率使它以为已经战胜了通涨，并且已经把注意力转向卢比，结果使卢比显示并不十分健康的强势（见图）。
But, whereas food prices drove the spike in Chinese CPI in 2008, inflation ex-food has been creeping up over the past year or so (see chart at the lower right).
但是，食品价格攀升至中国CPI指数08年以来顶点的同时，非食品通胀基本在过去几年时间里呈逐渐上涨趋势。
IF THERE is one chart that captures the madness of the housing bubble in the first half of the 2000s, it is Robert Shiller's index of real (ie, inflation-adjusted) house prices in America.
如果有一个图表可以描述2000年上半年房地产泡沫的疯狂的话，那就是罗伯特·席勒(Robert Shiller)的美国实际房价(例如，物价上涨因素)指数。
Since the middle of 2006, undershoots have become the exception, with inflation above 2% in all but a few months (see chart).
自2006年中期以来，除了少数月份通胀率低于2%外，大多数时候都高于这一水平（见图表），低于目标的情况已不多见。
Outside America, food has a bigger share than energy in consumers’ shopping baskets—and thus in inflation too (see chart).
在其他地区，食物开支比能源在消费开支里的比重更大，因此跟通货膨胀关联更大（见图）。
In July average headline inflation was over 4% in rich countries and almost 9% in emerging economies, far higher than central bankers' targets (see chart 2).
七月份，平均总通胀率在富国超过4%，新兴经济国家几乎达9%，远高于中央银行见们的预期目标(见表2)。
This had the effect of keeping the official inflation figure in single digits. Private estimates are much higher (see chart).
此举发挥了效用，让官方的通膨率维持在个位数，民间的估计值则高出甚多（参见附表）。
When housing costs are excluded, core inflation has actually risen, to 2.6% in February (see chart).
当不计算住房成本时，核心通货膨胀率实际上一直是上升的，在2月份达到2.6%(见图表)。
What makes the bank's problem especially acute is that, in recent years, inflation has spent more time above 2% than below it, testing faith in the bank's ability to meet the target (see chart).
使央行的问题变得尤其紧急的是，近几年，通货膨胀大部分时间都保持在2%以上，检验了央行完成目标的能力。
Fed policymakers reckon America's "natural" unemployment rate-that is, the lowest compatible with stable inflation-is at or below 6% (see right-hand chart).
联邦决策者们估计美国的“自然”失业率——换句话说就是同稳定的通胀率相平衡的最低失业率应该维持在6%甚至更低(见右侧表格)。
Norges Bank's latest Inflation Report, for example, provides a "fan chart" for interest rates, showing the probability distribution of rates until 2009, not a point forecast.
比如，挪威银行最新的通货膨胀报告提供了一个扇形利率图来描述未来到2009年期间利率水平的概率分布，而不是预测某个时点上的利率。
Adjusted for inflation, their money growth has accelerated alarmingly (see chart).
就是调整通胀后，这些新兴经济的货币增长也是极其惊人的(见图)。
It notes that global interest rates are still well below nominal GDP growth (see chart), whereas throughout the inflation-busting 1980s and 1990s they were mostly higher.
它注意到全球利率水平仍低于名义GDP增长率，而在通胀盛行的80年代和90年代，利率通常是更高的。
The "misery index", a crude grading that sums unemployment and inflation rates, suggests Iceland is now doing better than Ireland (see chart).
粗略综合了失业率和通货膨胀率的“痛苦指数”显示，冰岛现在的处境优于爱尔兰（见图表）。
And the chart at the top of this page clearly shows that gold can go up without inflation pressures.
上面的图表显示金价会在没有通涨压力的情况下更高。
And the chart at the top of this page clearly shows that gold can go up without inflation pressures.
上面的图表显示金价会在没有通涨压力的情况下更高。
应用推荐