But at the moment they do like to have closed systems.
但现阶段他们希望拥有封闭的系统。
In most closed systems, people tend to be allotted identifiers specific to the application.
在大多数封闭的系统中，往往为人们分配特定于应用程序的标识符。
It stands in contrast to more closed systems such as the broadcast or cable television networks.
但它和那些封闭的系统有着明显的不同，例如广播或者有线电视系统。
Within closed systems (such as in an organization), conventions can be imposed through management.
在封闭的系统中(比如一个组织)，约定是通过行政手段强制实施的。
Mainly used as intermediate and as a process solvent in closed systems. The substance may occur in imported articles.
主要用作中间体及密闭系统中的制程溶剂，通常在进口物品中有发现。
As long as you never want those separate, closed systems to interoperate you'll have no problem (aside, perhaps, from a surfeit of IDs to remember).
只要您根本不希望这些分隔开的、封闭的系统相互操作，您就不会有问题(也许，除了需要记忆大量的标识符之外)。
In addition, by automating and standardizing tissue manufacture in controlled closed systems, bioreactors could reduce production costs, thus facilitating a wider use of engineered tissues.
另外，在生物反应器中进行自动化与标准化组织培养可以降低制造成本，从而可以促进工程化组织更为广阔的应用。
In addition, by automating and standardizing tissue manufacture in controlled closed systems, bioreactors could reduce production costs, thus facilitating a wider use of engineered tissues.
另外，在生物反应器中进行自动化与标准化组织培养可以降低制造成本，从而可以促进工程化组织更为广阔的应用。
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