These astringent molecules found in grapes (and in the oak barrels used in winemaking) do a real number on your tongue.
这些苦涩的分子来自葡萄和酿造所用的橡木桶，能给人强烈的味觉刺激。
They visited a winemaking town in Tuscany. Crespina, with about four thousand people, became a sister city to Staten Island.
他们参观了意大利托斯卡纳区的造酒城镇Crespina，这个拥有4000人口的小镇成为了史坦顿岛的姐妹城市。
They were the top winemaking family of their day, and founded a fashionable restaurant, called Pontack’s Head, in London, in 1663.
他们是当时最优秀的酿酒之家，1663年在伦敦开了一家时髦的餐馆，名叫“彭塔克总店”（Pontack’s Head）。
ABSTRACT: Whole bunch winemaking has been more and more popular in the wine world.
摘要：整串发酵的酿酒工艺在世界各地受到越来越多的追捧。
Oak is the cilantro of winemaking. It can bring complex flavors to wines and have great effects on the quality of wines.
橡木桶是酿酒过程中非常重要的一剂“调料”，对葡萄酒的风味和品质起着重要的作用。
The amount of tannin in a red wine like cabernet sauvignon varies, depending on the winemaking methods used.
红酒中的单宁如赤霞珠的含量各不相同，取决于红酒的酿制工艺。
Winemaking : Traditional winemaking in tanks with long maceration (on average 3 weeks) for a maximum extraction of fruit and tannins.
发酵方式：传统发酵，不锈罐中长约3周的浸渍，最大限度的释放果香与单宁。
ABSTRACT: The process of Malolactic Fermentation is a winemaking process that gives both red and white wines a richer and creamier texture. Maybe you wonder how it's done.
摘要： 苹果酸-乳酸发酵能够给予葡萄酒似奶油般的质地，那么这一过程到底是怎样完成的呢？
ABSTRACT: In Greece today you can still find a wine that's infused with sap from Aleppo pine tree. This wine is called Retsina and came out of an ancient winemaking tradition.
摘要：如今在希腊仍能找到一种加入了阿勒颇松的汁液来酿制的葡萄酒，这种葡萄酒被称为松香葡萄酒，源自一种历史久远的酿酒传统。
The most important thing in winemaking is balance; from the technical aspect it is the strength of the triangle: balance of art, farming and science to make consistently great wines.
酿酒最重要的是平衡，从技术角度说好比一个三角，是艺术，种植和酿造优秀葡萄酒的科学三者之间力的平衡。
Why Grapes Are the Best Fruit for Winemaking?
为什么葡萄最适合酿酒？
Winemaking: in concrete and stainless steel tanks, 3 to 4 weeks' maceration according to the year, with temperature control.
发酵方式：不锈钢与水泥罐发酵，根据年份不同有3到4周的控温浸渍。
Winemaking: Picking at full maturity in order to obtain the best balance between the fruit and the acidity, then the fruit is gently pressed.
发酵方式：成熟后采收以便获得最好的酸度与果香平衡。中度压榨。
Winemaking techniques are a factor also as are the viticultural techniques of the vineyard, such as dry irrigation or minimal or non use of pesticides.
酿酒技术和葡萄栽培技术一样，也是其中一个因素，如干灌溉或尽量少使用杀虫剂或不使用杀虫剂。
Winemaking techniques are a factor also as are the viticultural techniques of the vineyard, such as dry irrigation or minimal or non use of pesticides.
酿酒技术和葡萄栽培技术一样，也是其中一个因素，如干灌溉或尽量少使用杀虫剂或不使用杀虫剂。
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